Anders Celsius - Centigrade Scale and Thermometer

Swedish astronomer/inventor/physicist Anders Celsius (1701—1744), inventor of the eponymous Celsius scale and a mind of great consequence from the time of the Enlightenment, was born on November 27, 1701, in Uppsala, Sweden, north of Stockholm. In fact, an inverted form of Celsius original design (also known as the centigrade scale) reaped such high praise from the scientific community for its accuracy, that it would go on to become the standard measure of temperature used in nearly all scientific endeavors. Early Life and Career in Astronomy Raised a Lutheran, Celsius was educated in his home town. Both of his grandfathers were professors: Magnus Celsius was a mathematician and Anders Spole was an astronomer. From his early childhood, Celsius excelled in mathematics. He went on to study at Uppsala University where, in 1725, he became the secretary of the Royal Society of Sciences (a title he retained until his death). In 1730, he succeeded his father, Nils Celsius, as professor of astronomy. By the early 1730s, Celsius became determined to build a world-class astronomical observatory in Sweden and from 1732 to 1734, he embarked on a grand tour of Europe, visiting notable astronomical sites, and working alongside many leading 18th-century astronomers. At about this same time (1733), he published a collection of 316 observations on the Aurora Borealis. Celsius published the bulk of his research in at the  Royal Society of Sciences  in Uppsala which was founded in 1710. In addition, he published papers at the  Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, founded in 1739, and presided over approximately 20 dissertations in astronomy, of which he was primarily the main author. He also authored a popular book, â€Å"Arithmetics for the Swedish Youth.†Ã‚  Ã‚   Celsius made numerous astrological observations over the course of his career, including eclipses and a variety of astronomical objects. Celsius devised own photometric system of measurement, which relied on viewing the light from a star or other celestial object through a series of identical transparent glass plates and then comparing their magnitudes by calculating the number of glass plates it took for the light to be extinguished. (Sirius, the brightest star in the sky, required 25 plates.) Using this system, he cataloged the magnitude of 300 stars. Celsius is considered to be the first astronomer to analyze the changes of the earth’s magnetic field during the northern lights and to measure the brightness of stars. It was Celsius, along with his assistant, who discovered that the Aurora Borealis had an influence on compass needles. Determining the Shape of the Earth One of the major scientific questions being debated during Celsiuss lifetime was the shape of the planet we live on. Isaac Newton had proposed that the Earth was not completely spherical but rather flattened at the poles. Meanwhile, cartographic measurements taken by the French suggested that the Earth was, instead, elongated at the poles. To find a resolution to the dispute, two expeditions tasked with measuring one degree of the meridian in each of the polar regions were dispatched. The first, in 1735, traveled to Ecuador in South America. The second, headed by Pierre Louis de Maupertuis sailed north in 1736 to Torneà ¥, the northernmost area in Sweden, in what was known as the Lapland Expedition. Celsius, who signed on as de Maupertuiss assistant, was the only professional astronomer to take part in the adventure. The data collected eventually corroborated Newtons hypothesis that the Earth was indeed flattened at the poles. The Uppsala Astronomical Observatory and Later Life After the Lapland Expedition returned, Celsius went home to Uppsala, where his exploits earned him the fame and notoriety that were key to securing the funding he needed to build a modern observatory in Uppsala. Celsius commissioned the building of the Uppsala Observatory, Swedens first, in 1741, and was appointed its director. The following year, he devised his eponymous Celsius scale of temperature. Thanks to its detailed measuring environment and methodology, the Celsius scale was deemed to be more precise than those created by Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit (Fahrenheit scale) or Rene-Antoine Ferchault de Rà ©aumur (Rà ©aumur scale). Fast Facts: The Celsius (Centigrade) Scale Anders Celsius invented his temperature scale in 1742.Using a mercury thermometer, the Celsius scale consists of 100 degrees between the freezing point (0 ° C) and boiling point (100 ° C) of pure water at sea level air pressure.The definition of centigrade: Consisting of or divided into 100 degrees.Celsiuss original scale was reversed to create the centigrade scale.The term Celsius was adopted in 1948 by an international conference on weights and measures. Celsius was also noted for his promotion of the Gregorian calendar, which was adopted in Sweden nine years after the astronomers death. In addition, he created a series of geographical measurements for the Swedish General Map and was one of the first to realize that the Nordic countries are slowly rising above sea level. (While the process had been going on since the end of the last ice age, Celsius mistakenly concluded that the phenomenon was the result of evaporation.) Celsius died of tuberculosis in 1744 at the age of 42. While he had started numerous research projects, he actually finished very few of them. A draft of a science fiction novel, situated partly on the star Sirius, was found among the papers he left behind.

The Pros of Mosquitoes and Their Important Roles

Not much love is lost between people and mosquitoes. If insects can be credited with evil intent, mosquitoes seem determined to wipe out the human race. As carriers of deadly diseases, mosquitoes are the  deadliest insect on Earth. Each year, hundreds of thousands of people die from malaria, dengue fever, and yellow fever after being bitten by a disease-carrying, blood-sucking mosquito. The Zika virus can harm fetuses if a pregnant woman gets bitten, and chikungunya can cause debilitating joint pain. If these diseases affect a large population at once, the outbreak can overwhelm local health care, the UN reports. Mosquitoes also carry diseases that pose serious threats to livestock and pets. At the very least, these bloodthirsty insects are major annoyances, biting humans with a persistence that can be maddening. Knowing this, is there an intrinsic value to keeping them around? If we could, should we just eradicate them all off the face of the earth? The answer is mosquitoes do have value. Scientists are divided as to whether theyre worth it, though. The Long History of Mosquitoes on Earth Mosquitoes populated this planet long before man. The oldest mosquito fossils date back some 200 million years, to the Cretaceous period.   More than 3,500 species of mosquitoes have already been  described from various parts of the world, of which only a few hundred species bite or bother humans. In fact, only female mosquitoes bite humans. Males lack the parts to penetrate human skin.   Benefits Many scientists agree that mosquitoes present more of a hassle than they have value. The mere fact that they are the reason for so many human deaths a year is reason enough to wipe them off the planet. However, mosquitoes serve important functions in numerous ecosystems, serving as food for many species, helping filter detritus for plant  life to thrive, pollinating flowers, and even affecting the herding paths of caribou in the tundra. Last, scientists are looking at the mosquito for potential medical treatments. The Food Web Mosquito larvae are aquatic insects  and, as such, play an important role in the aquatic food chain. According to Dr. Gilbert Waldbauer in The Handy Bug Answer Book, Mosquito larvae are filter feeders that strain tiny organic particles such as unicellular algae from the water and convert them to the tissues of their own bodies, which are, in turn, eaten by fish. Mosquito larvae are, in essence, nutrient-packed snacks for fish and other aquatic animals. In addition, while species of mosquitoes eat the  carcasses of  insects  that drown in the  water,  the mosquito larvae feed on the waste products, making nutrients such as nitrogen available for the plant community to thrive. Thus, the elimination of those mosquitoes  might affect plant growth in those areas. A mosquitos role on the bottom of the food chain does not end at the larval stage. As adults, mosquitoes serve as equally nutritious meals for birds, bats, and spiders. Mosquitoes seem to represent a considerable biomass of food for wildlife on the lower rungs of the food chain. Mosquito  extinction, if it is achievable, could have an adverse effect on the ecosystem. However, many scientists suggest that the ecosystem could eventually rebound and another species could take its place in the system. Acting as Pollinators Only the females of some mosquito species need a meal of blood to get the proteins necessary to lay eggs. For the most part, male and female adult mosquitoes depend on nectar for energy. While retrieving nectar, mosquitoes pollinate plants to help to ensure that different types of plant life thrive.  When mosquitoes pollinate  plants, especially the aquatic ones around which they spend much of their lives, they help perpetuate these plants. These plants provide cover and shelter for other animals and organisms. Medicinal Lessons? Although the mosquito has been a known vector for spreading disease all over the world, there is some hope that mosquito saliva may  have some potential use for the treatment of the No. 1 worldwide killer of humans: cardiovascular disease. One promising application is the development of anticlotting drugs, such as clotting inhibitors and capillary dilators. The composition of mosquito saliva is relatively simple, as it usually contains fewer than 20 dominant proteins. Despite the great strides in knowledge of these molecules and their role in blood feeding, scientists still know only about half of the molecules found in the insects saliva.

Homelessness Is A Major Social Crisis Essay - 1505 Words

San Francisco has a homelessness problem, yet that problem can be solved. The problem of homelessness in San Francisco can be observed by taking a stroll through an area such as the Tenderloin District or Haight Ashbury. In these places, homeless people are plentiful, yet they are almost always overlooked by the other San Franciscans who use those areas to work and play. Providing permanent housing (as opposed to places at shelters) to chronically homeless people has been proven to be an efficient method of combatting homelessness. I propose that San Francisco introduce a voluntary 10-cent tax on coffee, as a way of raising money to provide services to homeless people within permanent housing, and simultaneously raise awareness about the housing disparity within San Francisco. Homelessness is a major social crisis in the United States of America. From 2014 to 2015, homelessness in America increased by 2 percent. The major sub-populations which comprise homeless people in America are unsheltered persons, families, chronically homeless people, and veterans (National Alliance to End Homelessness 3). In America, 15 percent of homeless people are defined as being chronically homeless, while 2 percent of homeless families are chronically homeless (ibid. 7). A person is defined as chronically homeless by the United States Government if they have been continually homeless for a year or more, or have experienced more than twelve months of homelessness in the last three years (OfficeShow MoreRelatedSocial Problems Within The Australian Society1215 Words   |  5 PagesA Social Analysis – Homelessness There are a growing number of social problems existing within the Australian society and unfortunately, research does not need to prove this. All it takes is a stroll down the main street of some suburbs to realise the extent of social problems within society. Homelessness is a rising trend that is affecting people of all demographics. Homelessness is more than just a simple disadvantage; with usually many underpinning factors which contribute to it, such as domesticRead MoreThe Social Issues of Homelessness Essay examples1432 Words   |  6 PagesSociology 2, Social Issues Problems Section 80528 November 24, 2008 The Social Issue of Homelessness Homelessness has always been a major social issue for cities across the nation but in recent years it is reached astonishing proportions. In this essay I will try to summarize ten recently published articles and each of the authors view of homelessness. First I will discuss some of their opinions of the causes of the recent increase of homelessness and who or what is to blame. Next we willRead MoreHomelessness is Everyones Problem888 Words   |  3 PagesHomelessness in United States is a dangerous problem that requires everyone’s contemplation and co-operation. Thousands of people are forced to live in the streets, parks, and in shelters since they lack a place of their own to live. For a long period, in United States homelessness has been a serious and an unsolved problem. National Law Center of Homelessness and Poverty reports that homeless population in United States is estimated around 3.5 million, but on the other hand there are nearly 18.6Read MoreThe Plan For Eradicat ing Homelessness1203 Words   |  5 Pageshousing services, funding dedicated to eradicating homelessness in Seattle should go towards increasing the availability and accessibility of supportive services such as substance abuse and mental health programs. In 2005, The Committee to End Homelessness in King County (CEHKC) began its implementation of â€Å"A Roof Over Every Bed in King County: Our Community s Ten-Year Plan to End Homelessness. This plan outlined strategies to end and prevent homelessness with a focus on increasing permanent housingRead MoreHomelessness : Extreme Poverty And The Urban Housing Crisis913 Words   |  4 PagesHomelessness has affected many individuals throughout the United States and the world. On, 2014 the National Alliance to End Homelessness collected that â€Å"578,424 people experiencing homelessness on any given night in the United States (â€Å"Snapshot of Homelessness). Most individuals believe that more individuals are single, but â€Å"216, 197 are people in families,† and â€Å"362,163 are individuals,† (â€Å"Snapshot of Homelessness). Homelessness affects everyone, from families to individuals and veterans. In theRead MoreHomelessness Is A Major Issue Essay1428 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Homelessness is a major issue in Edinburgh (Torrie, 2014). Progress has been made (Gordon, 2015), but we can do far better. It is possible to completely end chronic homelessness. How? The answer is surprisingly straightforward: put housing first. But homelessness will not end as long as our goal is merely to manage homelessness, rather than eradicate it. This brief will explore approaches to ending homelessness, and their successes and potential drawbacks. It will be concluded basedRead MoreEssay On The Decision To Leave The Ireland1035 Words   |  5 Pagesthis, Irelands present housing crisis has the ability to become the biggest constraint on Irelands economic growth. In fact, the housing crisis in Ireland is so crippling it could result in the loss of these multinational organisations coming from the UK following the wake of Brexit (The Irish Times). Multinational firms will tend to cluster around city-regions due to their high volume of highly skilled labour and good transport networks. However, in Irelands major cities such as Dublin, Cork, GalwayRead MoreThe Homelessness : Australia Is Described As A Developed Nation1519 Words   |  7 PagesAustralia is described as a developed nation. Homelessness a rising problem that is occurring in Australia. St Vincent De Paul is a Catholic organization that lives out the Gospel message and offers a hand to people in need. Vinnie’s have recognised homelessness as an issue that we need to address and we as a community need to work to shape a more just and compassionate society. 1. What is homelessness? There is no specific definition for homelessness, but it is a growing problem that goes much furtherRead MoreThe Affordability Problem Of Washington State1709 Words   |  7 Pages2015 booklet page 297) This is because throughout the nation there is a large differences between minimum wage, housing wage, and the affordable units available. As noted earlier in the essay, King County is experiencing a huge affordable housing Crisis. The 2015 Housing Needs Assessment indicated that there are only 28 affordable units for every 100 extremely cost burden families. Washington State is short in 166,058 affordable units, 2015. With Seattle economy and populations growing each yearRead MoreMental Illness, Drug And Alcohol Abuse1476 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction The information I gathered from the research was that the major factors that contribute to homelessness are mental illness, drug and alcohol abuse. I also learned that many individuals need to develop skills and seek treatment to learn how to break the patterns which lead to cyclical or generational homelessness (Morris, 1997). There are many signs that contribute to individuals paths to homelessness and some include sudden unemployment, maintain a budget for the family, domestic violence

reconstruction Essay - 1028 Words

Andrew Johnson took office after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln in 1865. He was a Southern Democrat from Tennessee, when he became president, the Civil War had ended and reconstruction was in its beginning stages. Johnson was then faced with the same problems Lincoln had -- the challenge of mending a broken nation, yet there was a definite difference in the ways Johnson and Lincoln approached the problems of Reconstruction. Johnson was not one of our best or brightest presidents, he did not care about his public appearance and he was not good at making decisions. One of the most illogical decisions Johnson made as president was to start a new reconstruction plan, before his death Lincoln already had a plan set out. Yet Johnson†¦show more content†¦This was not a good idea for Johnson because he already had a lot of enemies because he was a radical democrat from the South. The south loathed him because he was a democrat and the North loathed him due to his lenient treat ment of the South. The North wanted to deal with the South brutality yet Johnson handed out many pardons to the Confederates, pushed to restore civilian control in the Southern states and shied away from implementing voting rights for blacks. From the beginning, Johnson was at odds with the Radical Republicans, who favored radical reconstruction of the defeated Southern states, including military rule and distribution of both land and voting rights to blacks. Later these same people voted to impeach him. Johnson believed that the government should be indulgent with the Southerners. Since that is how he felt he took the insinuative to make a proclamation of amnesty in May 1865, without giving the public any say in the matter. This angered a lot of Democrats and Northerners who felt that the South should not just be pardoned that they should be reprimanded. Then Johnson took it a step further by not only pardoning all of the southerners but, allowing them to have and form their own new governments. This allowed the south to have ex-confederate leaders to hold spaces in the senate, for example, Senator Alexander H. Stephens who was the vice president of the Confederacy. At this point a lot of people were tried of Johnson as thereShow MoreRelatedCrime Scene Reconstruction1438 Words   |  6 PagesKristin Waters Crime Scene Reconstruction ENC 1102-154 Reconstructing a crime scene takes a lot of effort from experienced law enforcement, medical examiners, and criminalists. All of these professionals give unique perspectives to develop a crime-scene reconstruction. Forensic scientists also play a vital role in helping to reconstruct the crime scene. They use the crime-scene reconstruction to show events that occurred prior to, during, and after a crime was committed. (Saferstein, 2009) Read MoreReconstruction Of Reconstruction And Reconstruction1031 Words   |  5 PagesReconstruction what is it?What does it mean to reconstruct? Is it possible to reconstruct nowadays? Reconstruction started in 1865 and ended in 1877.Reconstruction took place mostly in the south. Reconstruction was created to help fix the problems in the new union after slavery, but sadly didn t end well causing an all white government into power and failing the union. New economic,political and industrial growth was being made. New job opportunities were being m ade for the people and former blackRead MoreReconstruction Goals : Reconstruction And Reconstruction1296 Words   |  6 PagesReconstruction Goals Reconstruction started in 1865 after the war was coming to an end and completed in 1877. It Is the process by which federal government controlled the former Confederate states and the conditions for their readmission to the union. Abraham Lincoln was our president at the time and could not form a treaty with the defeated government. After the emancipation, thousands of freedmen left their plantation to find a new life without being owned and forced to work. This began theRead MoreReconstruction : The Failure Of Reconstruction1529 Words   |  7 PagesReconstruction: By: Siryet Girma 1,514 words 7 pages Historical Paper Reconstruction: the failure Reconstruction was a failure because African American were still not equal to White Americans. The Emancipation Proclamation was proclaimed in January 1, 1863. It freed more than 3 million slaves in the Confederate states by January 1, 1863, blacks enlisted in the Union Army in large numbers, reaching some 180,000 by war’sRead MoreReconstruction Of The Reconstruction Era1587 Words   |  7 PagesThe Reconstruction Era was known as a time to reconstruct the United States of America by the expansion of governmental power that began in 1865. â€Å"There were two central problems that animated Reconstruction; providing justice for freedmen and facilitating national reconciliation. (A New Birth of Freedom, pg. 1) After the 12 year span, reconstructing the nation succeeded in only a few of the goals that were set out to achieve within those 12 years that it was in progress. The Reconstruction’s intentionsRead MoreThe Legacy Of Reconstruction And Reconstructio n Essay2362 Words   |  10 PagesRecent books on Reconstruction†¦have infused their subjects with drama by focusing on violent confrontations,† Eric Foner notes in the introduction of the updated edition to his 1988 publication Reconstruction: America’s Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877. Up until now, Foner’s revisionist historiography of Reconstruction was the only alternative offered to the Dunning School’s account of the important historical era. In recent years a neo-revisionist interpretation of Reconstruction has emerged inRead MoreFacial Reconstructions2008 Words   |  9 PagesForensic Facial Reconstructions Samantha McAnally CRMJ430 April 20, 2013 Abstract This paper will focus mainly on the history and the various techniques that forensic facial reconstruction has to offer. It will also go over some problems or an issue that is process has faced over the years. The Daubert Standard will discuss and how facial reconstruction was allowed as evidence thru this standard. I will go over all the periods of time that facial reconstruction was used. ComputerizedRead MoreBreast Reconstruction Procedures For Women1221 Words   |  5 PagesBrickell neighborhood. He performs breast reconstruction procedures for women who have had a mastectomy. With breast reconstruction surgery, Dr. G can provide women with natural-looking, shapely breasts. Types of Breast Reconstruction Procedures Available Near Brickell For some patients, reconstruction can begin during their mastectomy. Other patients may choose to have their breast reconstruction at some point after their mastectomy. Typically, breast reconstruction surgery involves several surgical sessionsRead More Reconstruction Essay932 Words   |  4 Pages Reconstruction took place after the end of the civil war. The reason for reconstruction was to put the union back together and free the slaves once and for all. Reconstruction took three eras to be completed. The first was Lincoln, the second Andrew Johnson, and the third was the Congressional â€Å"hard plan.† The Lincoln era lasted from 1863-1865. On December of 1863 the decree of â€Å"soft plan† was introduced. The â€Å"soft plan† included amnesty for the southerners that took the loyalty oath. It alsoRead MoreReconstruction Vs Republican Reconstruction Essay1035 Words   |  5 Pagesappearance of the Reconstruction Era in 1865. It was a period in which Americans â€Å"put the pieces together†. People were split after the Civil War, some wanted to reconstruct the Confederate states- where it is politically and economically damaged- and the others wanted to have revenge against the South because they caused the war that resulted with memories of death and suffer the Americans had to endure. And that was a reason of the emerging of the Presidential Reconstruction and the Republican

Graduation Speech Free Essays

Introduction: Welcome students, faculty, teachers, and principles to graduation day, a blank page in the start of a book about our careers. However, there are those 15,660 hours wasted and never coming back from 12 exhausting years of schooling. That is just too much damn time lost that cannot be retained back. We will write a custom essay sample on Graduation Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is also equal to about 2,100 days extracted from underneath our feet. Piles of homework, loads of classes, trays of whatever the cafeteria has found, and rooms of disgraceful teachers engrossed these past dozen years. I bet we’ve tried foolproof ways to succeed in school: cramming our minds of too much information, memorizing just to forget the next day, and mastering the process of procrastination. But within those useless 15,000 hours or so comes the career which has become of those days in a desk. I’m not here to mimic the rulers of middle school saying â€Å"High school is what really matters† and the high school hierarchy saying â€Å"Make College what really counts. † Body: From Kindergarten to our senior year, we have been trapped in a building of mixed corridors and connected rooms. Exhausted and exasperated, we’ve woken to the early hours of the morning and taken ourselves to one of these three schools, whether we wanted to or not. Those elementary years where we joined the band and chorus because â€Å"it was cool† or â€Å"because our friends did it. † The middle school years where we faced the drama of school groups and the grueling process of growing up. And, to the now, where we brace for the rest of our lives and prepare for the future to come. The information we have attained, or lack thereof, can only be used to better ourselves and it is our responsibility to capitalize upon opportunities that arise from this valuable information. Now, as we progress into the real world, whether it be the job workforce, military, or college, we embrace the difficult transition from our day-after-day routine of high school to a more adjustable and sustainable forthcoming. Conclusion: In a nutshell, the last dozen agonizing years seemed too long, exaggerated, or useless, to be anything of importance. But, the legacy we bring as we advance with our cap and gowns, diplomas and certificates, awards and honors, we transgress from students to scholars into the real society of life. We as high school students leave the walls of routine life and enter the world where we are on our own with less guidance and no helping hands or overseeing eyes. However, the only aspect of high school life following us into the real world is our goal. The goal that has carried us to the college of choice and the career of which we pursue. And so, I leave with a word to the wise from Nelson Mandela, the iconic revolutionary of South Africa: â€Å"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world. † How to cite Graduation Speech, Papers Graduation Speech Free Essays First of all, I would like to thank you all for coming to our graduation. What this ceremony is, is a celebration of a major accomplishment in our lives, the accomplishment of achieving an education. For many of us it has taken a lot of blood, sweat, and tears to get here, so today is our reward for the long hours we devoted to reading, writing, and researching, for the stress of taking difficult tests, and for the difficulties we have had to overcome. We will write a custom essay sample on Graduation Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now Though this ceremony recognizes OUR efforts in this accomplishment, it also recognizes and pays homage to the dedication of our parents. Today is the return on the work they invested in us through patient teaching and parenting. We would not have been able to accomplish this much without their help. Their guidance has allowed us to grow into men and woman of character, capable of doing great things. This ceremony is also both an end, and a beginning. It is the end of childhood, of a period of growing and maturing. But, it is also the beginning of a new chapter in our lives, one that is full of the promise of what we may accomplish. While I have the time I want to address the accomplishments of the past as well as the promise and potential of the future. Graduating is our accomplishment, but we wouldn’t have made it here if it wasn’t for the heroic efforts of our parents. They are the ones who chose to add to their titles of parent, homemaker, and provider, the title of teacher, and with that the responsibility of educating us. They voluntarily took on this extra responsibility, because they felt that personally seeing to our education was best for us, so at the expense of their free time, and perhaps just a bit of their sanity, they decided to home school us. It was this dedication to giving us the best education possible that has brought us here. Whenever we struggled in school, whenever we didn’t understand, they did what it took to help us learn, usually, that meant spending even more of the precious little free time they had not already sacrificed to homeschooling, to teaching and relearning every subject that they hated to do when they were in school. When we were frustrated and on the verge of throwing our textbooks across the room, they where the ones who came and spoke the encouraging words that motivated us to overcome whatever trouble we encountered. As our teachers, they taught us much, but as our parents they taught us even more. Along with giving us lessons in math and science, they have constantly taught us lessons in values. By their example, we have learned to walk with integrity and faith, showing character in all that we do. They have shown us that there is no limit to what we can accomplish when we work diligently and patiently. These values will stay with us longer than anything else that we have learned. No matter where we go, no matter what we do, they will be there to help guide us. With graduation ends our journey through high school. For many of us, it’s been a long, rough road to get here. Difficulties have come in the form of poor health and injury. Some of us have struggled financially, and all of us have faced the pressure of difficult classes. These trials have not made us bitter, they have not crushed our spirit, but they have helped shape us. Often it turns out that difficulty, strife, and stress are ingredients of strength, for instance steel is one of the most reliable and durable materials known to man. To make steel, iron ore is heated to a temperature of over one-thousand degrees Celsius, but because of that incredible heat, it becomes strong. It can then be made into almost anything: bridges, skyscrapers, ships, airplanes, tools, machines, even works of art. From the incredible heat it is subjected to, it gains the strength that allows it to be used to anything. The challenges we have faced have strengthened us like the heat strengthens steel. From our adversity, we have learned to overcome, to meet hardship with hard work, hopelessness with faith, and to be unyielding in all of our values. Now we stand here, as adults preparing to walk out into the world, ready to shape our future, and no matter what path we take in life I know that we will never forget the life lessons that have been taught to us, they will enable us to be successful in all of our endeavors. We are ready to become students with an open mind and a hunger for knowledge, pursuing truth with the aid of the wisdom and discernment impressed upon us by our parent’s teachings, or to become workers ready to excel at our jobs because of the examples set before us in diligence and discipline by our parents and role models. Yes, for us the future looks bright! How to cite Graduation Speech, Essay examples

Guilt and Regret Essay Sample free essay sample

Guilt and sorrows are two emotions that have transcended clip and have invariably been used as literary subjects for infinite old ages and countless plants. Literature captures the kernel of humanity and expresses it in ways that most can non make. therefore we look to literature as a manner to associate and steer us through whatever it is we are seeking to cover with. whether it be positive or negative. In this essay I will be researching Edgar Allen Poe’s â€Å"The Raven. † to show the look of guilt and sorrow in the signifier of poesy utilizing different poetic devices to make so. I will be analysing the thought that the storyteller of the verse form is non merely showing sorrow over the loss of his â€Å"Lenore. † but besides guilt stemming from his belief that he could hold done more to salvage her. or in fact possibly even caused the decease of his beloved Lenore. Poe does a good occupation of dividing the verse form into two classs or subdivisions. so to talk. One being the hopeful thought that he can acquire Lenore back or at least see her shade and perchance accommodate with her so that he can populate on merrily. The other being the dark and dramatic tone of the verse form that takes overpowering precedency after the first few stanzas. And the manner Poe does that. evidently non holding the usage of images to help him. anytime he is speaking about Lenore or something positive. he uses positive imagination such as â€Å"the white flop of Pallas† to depict his beloved Lenore. What makes this poem more than merely a horror narrative is the manner that Poe uses his words and poetic accomplishments to thrust the reader into the narrator’s head and into his mind so that you know non merely his feelings. but his ideas excessively. It is a deep verse form on many degrees and through the remainder of this thesis I will turn out that the storyteller is responsible in some capacity for the decease of Lenore. The verse form is written in a melancholy tone from the really get downing when Poe describes the dark that he is visited by the Corvus corax as a midnight dreary. besides saying that it is during â€Å"the black December. † ( Line 7 ) He instantly starts off puting the tone of the verse form and the scene of the verse form as an unhappy and sorrowful atmosphere so the reader gets the feeling of unhappiness from the storyteller from the first line. From that line about December along with the line mentioning to â€Å"dying embers† the reader is thrust into a scene of depression and unhappiness. December is a month where all things being to disintegrate and decease. from the foliages. to the grass along with animate beings non deceasing. but flying for heater conditions. The deceasing coals is merely another manner that Poe creates the scene for the reader so that it is as if he is painting an image of what is traveling on with the storyteller. It does non take long for Poe to give the reader a sense of edginess. It is clear that besides from the first stanza that the storyteller is on border. while he reads â€Å"forgotten lore† ( line 2 ) . The storyteller is most likely partaking in some signifier of black thaumaturgy to convey back his doomed love. Lenore. Poe uses the literary devices. internal rime and initial rhyme to give the first and other stanzas a musical or rhythmic sound that aids the overall tone of unhappiness for the verse form. By giving the verse form a structured rhythmic tone. it genuinely aids the sense of the narrator’s unhappiness and fright of the state of affairs he is in. Besides. the dark musical subject of the first stanza serves as cogent evidence that the storyteller of the verse form is genuinely executing some type of black thaumaturgy. because if you look back at mankind’s remembrance of black thaumaturgy. they are about performed utilizing some type of musical ritual where people are sing-songy in the manner that they are transporting ou t the black thaumaturgy. The storyteller goes on in the following stanza to speak about how he. â€Å"sought to borrow from my books cessation of sorrow – sorrow for the lost Lenore. † This is the first clip in the verse form that he mentions what he is so sad about. which is the loss of his beloved. Lenore. Now the storyteller is seting the pieces together and he clearly is seeking to utilize the forgotten traditional knowledge. or black thaumaturgy to convey back or at least connect with his asleep love. Lenore. Poe uses peculiarly bewitching enunciation and a combination of vowel rhyme. the repeat of vowel sounds to make internal rime lt ; and initial rhyme. the repeat of a peculiar sound in the first syllable. to convey the general tone of depression and sorrow over the loss of Lenore. The repeat truly drills the point that Poe is seeking to acquire the reader to experience the sorrow and the hurting that the storyteller is experiencing about the loss of his beloved Lenore. All the words t hat he chooses have a tone of darkness and immorality. combined with his literary devices provide a really grave ambiance that the reader is thrust into. It was peculiarly obvious that the forgotten traditional knowledge is some type of black thaumaturgy that the storyteller is utilizing to convey back Lenore or merely speak with her one time once more when in the 5th stanza Poe writes. â€Å"dreaming dreams no mortal of all time dared to woolgather before. † ( Line 26 ) Due to the clip period that this was written in. 1845. black thaumaturgy would hold been non merely looked down upon the manner it is today. but most likely imprisonment or decease would be the consequence of being found guilty of practising it. Why would a adult male hazard that to talk to person who has passed off. regardless of how much he loved her? Because he feels guilt over the decease of Lenore. most likely significance that whatever she died he felt that he could hold done more to assist her. You get a sense in this stanza that he is genuinely making something that he is even afraid of making. something that he could lose is his life for. which decided ly is a stating fact that he is willing to seek anything to free himself of the guilt that he is experiencing over the loss of Lenore. Just one more assistance to the impression that he perchance had something to make with the decease. or surely could hold done more to protect his Lenore from whatever destiny she met. Once the storyteller hears the Corvus corax at his door. he believes it is Lenore who has returned from the dead to see him. When he answers the door. â€Å"the merely word at that place spoken was the whispered word. â€Å"Lenore! †Ã¢â‚¬  This clearly means that the storyteller believed in his bosom that the black thaumaturgy had worked and he Lenore was here to see him. Once the rapping starts once more. this clip at the window. the storyteller realizes it is a Raven. a bird normally associated with the underworld and the work of the Satan. Possibly the Raven. a bird from the underworld. would be conveying intelligence about Lenore. but that is non the instance. Poe chose the Raven sagely. one time once more. to convey the general tone of guilt and sorrow to the reader because when one thinks about a Corvus corax. one does non believe of a hopeful and proud bird. but instead a dark and glooming bird that brings about negative feelings and vibraphones. The storyteller short ly realizes that this Raven is non here to convey good intelligence or to relay a message of hope to him. but instead to stalk this adult male for whatever it is that he has done. or lack there of. to assist his love. Looking back on historical literature. frequently times when you read narratives. verse forms or novels about a adult male being haunted by something. it is a repeating object. individual or animate being that keeps coming back over and over once more as if to allow the character. in this instance the storyteller. know that they will and what has happened under their ticker. so to talk. Basically. the storyteller at first experiences exultation at the idea that the tapping is Lenore. or that the Corvus corax is traveling to be the bringer of intelligence from the underworld about Lenore. but rapidly realizes that the Raven is at that place to mortify and escalate the feelings of guilt that he is already sing. The storyteller associates the bird with the Hadean shore. which is an allusion to the ancient underworld. So this bird is clearly from the underworld presenting the message of the Haiti. Besides the bird’s name. harmonizing to the storyteller. and the lone word spoken by the bird. is â€Å"Nevermore. † Nevermore is a word that Poe chose carefully because it brings about a feeling of hopelessness and emptiness that other words can non capture. Soon. the storyteller realizes that this bird is presenting awful intelligence to him. depicting the Corvus corax as â€Å"grim. ungainly. ghastly and gaunt. † None of these words are hopeful. like the storyteller somewhat was when he foremost thought Lenore might be at the door. However. in the 14th stanza is where the reader genuinely sees that this adult male. the storyteller. is non merely experiencing sorrow over the loss of his beloved. but besides guilt and sorrow over the manner she died. The adult male cries out imploring to bury the sorrow and guilt he feels over Lenore. â€Å"Nepenthe from thy memories of Lenore! † ( Line ) Nepenthe is a drug described in Homer’s Odyssey that is supposed to free the individual taking it of all heartache or guilt they are experiencing over something that has happened to them in the yesteryear and they can non acquire over. A adult male who has lost a loved one and could non make anything about it does non desire to bury the memory of this individual all together. yet this adult male seems to wish that he forgets about Lenore all together. Besides. amidst the fright and confusion of the storyteller throughout his brush with the Corvus corax.he asks the bird. â€Å"is there balm in Gilead? † ( Line ) Balm is an ancient signifier of lotion that was used to comfort tegument. while Gilead is an allusion to the scriptural hill of judgement where God would judge worlds. Through Poe’s combinations of authoritative and scriptural mentions. the storyteller is showing his hurt over whether or non God will demo merely clemency or comfort when he is being judged for entry into Eden or snake pit. A adult male who has no guilt would non be awfully concerned about this. nor sound so hard-pressed about how he will be judged. Clearly his preoccupation with his judgement. and the hope that God will judge him kindly. the manner that balm is smooth and sort to one’s tegument is stating that this adult male is experiencing compunction for whatever it is that he did to do Lenore’s decease. Finally. the poem’s concluding two stanzas portray the storyteller as the most despairing he has been throughout the whole verse form. He is shouting at the bird to travel off back the Plutonian Shore and non to go forth any hint of the bird behind. Clearly the Corvus corax has struck a cord with this adult male and the adult male is get downing to feel his destiny. The guilt and sorrow over Lenore can non be overcome. which is why he was visited by this evil bird from Plutonian’s shore. Plutonian’s shore is considered to be the shore of the river that leads into Haiti. or the underworld. However. the raven neer leaves the man’s house. â€Å"still sitting on the pale flop of Pallas merely above my chamber door. † ( Line ) This adult male has clearly done some incorrect in his life. clearly associated with the decease of his loved 1. because why else would a bird from the underworld be for good with him in his house for the remainder of his yearss? T he concluding two lines read ; â€Å"And my psyche from out that shadow that lies drifting on the floor shall be lifted – Nevermore! † ( Line ) His psyche shall neer be lifted to heaven to see Lenore once more. he is doomed to a life in the underworld with the Raven. and no thirster is at that place any hope of seeing Lenore. nevermore. A word that Poe clearly uses once more and once more and once more throughout this verse form that can non be overlooked as the cardinal subject to the full verse form is Nevermore. looking 20 eight times throughout the verse form. Why did Poe take the word Nevermore as the Raven’s exclusive speech production words of the Poem. or the word that occurs the most often? It is because. like the remainder of the verse form where Poe does a fantastic occupation of utilizing different poetic techniques to acquire his message across. he utilizing his superb enunciation. pick of words. to give put the tone of the full verse form. Nevermore does non give the reader any idea of felicity. hope or joy. but instead it gives the reader a sense of neer holding those good feelings once more. The reader feels the storyteller losing trust each clip the word is used and knows that as the verse form goes on the storyteller. although he set out to happen his love Lenore and perchance happen felicity once more. will neer once more experience that joy. never again. It is as if each of the 20 eight times the word is used he is stealing farther and farther off from what he truly wants. Lenore. Until the concluding line of the Poem where Poe states. â€Å"Shall be lifted – Nevermore! † ( Line 108 ) When you think of the word lifted. you think frequently of good feelings such as upraised liquors or lifted up to heaven. so for the storyteller to accept that he will be lifted never again is stating of how dark the verse form and his liquors have gotten. and ends the verse form allowing the reader know steadfastly that no joy came to the storyteller throughout his efforts to convey back Lenore. This verse form exemplifies Poe’s eldritch ability to capture the really common human emotions of guilt and repent into literature. The reader can associate to the poem’s subjects. while being captivated by the superb usage of initial rhyme. vowel rhyme. allusion and internal rime. Clearly people have different degrees of guilt and sorrow in their lives. but no affair the size everyone still experiences at some point and Poe does a fantastic occupation of capturing these emotions. This is why this verse form has become a dateless classic. because these sorts of emotions and Poe does such a superb occupation of conveying them out. He clearly is portraying a graphic image with his words of the guilt that the storyteller feels about Lenore for the reader to indulge in.

An Appreciation of At Castle Boterel By Thomas Hardy Essay Example For Students

An Appreciation of At Castle Boterel By Thomas Hardy Essay Castle Boterel is about an old man returning to a place that is significant to his youth and his love. Hardy starts the poem visualising a wet and gloomy day. He says: And the drizzle bedrenches the waggonette, And see on its slope, now glistening wet. He does this to contrast with the time he was there with his love, trying to show that when she was there it was bright and sunny and without her it is all dull and wet. Hardy makes use of contrast to show the importance of his love. In the third verse he leads the leader to believe there is little significance in what they said. He tells us: What we did as we climbed, and what we talked of matters not much, nor to what it led. But he also said, was there ever a time of such quality. This tells us that it does matter to him and his love. He uses this technique in the fourth and fifth verse by saying: It filled but a minute. And, That we two passed. It filled but a minute means that it only filled a minute and thats all. That we two passed, means that there were so much beautiful things around them but they just passed without noticing them. In the forth verse Hardy asks: Was there ever a time of such quality, since or before, in that hill story. Here he questions whether there was ever a more quality time since the hill was made, which is ant the begging of time. He mentions that thousands more people have climbed the hill but in his mind, his was the most special. In the next verse he mentions primeval rocks as if they are witnesses of everything that has happened on that hill since the beginning of time, confirming that his was the most significant. In the fifth verse he uses words like unflinching rigour in mindless route. This means that through time he never backed off and thoroughly learnt the route like a parrot, repeating it again and again. The last verse shows him leaving it. Shrinking, shrinking, means getting distant. What he then means by for the very last time is that hes dying. He makes it out that his time is up by saying, for my sand is sinking, like a sand timer. He finishes by saying that, I shall traverse old loves domain never again. By this last comment he means that this is the last time he will see the place where something good happened between him and his love. Hardy, throughout the whole poem uses contrast to show his time with her is not significant but then shows that it is.