Bearing Capacity of Soils Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bearing Capacity of Soils - Lab Report Example In the event that this isn't appropriately done, at that point the structures are probably going to crumple, bringing about gigantic fiascoes. Sound building standards ought to be utilized in the plan of such structures so as to stay away from potential loses in human life and property (William Powrie 53).  There are two significant kinds of establishments; shallow and profound. While shallow establishments are found just underneath the structures they support, profound establishments broaden profound into the earth’s outside layer. Shallow establishments are in this manner called footings or mats, though profound establishments can likewise be called heaps, or penetrated shafts (Braja M. Das 123). The kind of establishment utilized relies upon two factors; the size of the structure to be constructed, and the class of soil on which the structure is to be assembled. Huge structures require greater establishments than littler structures. Then again, natural soils likewise requ ire greater establishments contrasted with firm soils.Problem Description1. Calculate the necessary size for a structure section balance under a given load.2. Determine the impact of differing water substance on the compressive quality of the soil.Procedure The lab was directed after the accompanying procedure:1. A test example with known level of water was chosen. The gathering utilized soil with 15% water content. This example was made by blending 22.5 grams of water in with 127.5 grams of dry clay.2. The subsequent stage included filling the form with the dirt water blend in three equivalent layers utilizing the packing gadget. The head of the first and second layers.

Immigration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Migration - Essay Example While some contend that the vagrants are antagonistically influencing the economy as the disparity between the rich and poor has augmented, it is unequivocally accepted that any changes to drive these transients would disturb the economy as the wages would rise and both the businesses and the transients would endure. Settlers and low-talented foreigner laborers are gathered in a couple of states and in those states, in a couple of metropolitan territories (Chiswick, 2006). Settlers are normally attracted to extending urban areas especially to urban areas with authentic enclaves of prior foreigners (Card, 2007). There is an unequal aptitude appropriation and it has been seen that high-movement urban communities have all the more low-gifted individuals in their nearby populace. America isn't being invaded by settlers. The workers dwelling in the US compensate for just a single percent of the American populace. In addition, the transients don't enter the nation wrongfully. Most enter legitimately however exceed on understudy or guest visa (Cole, 1994). This just exhibits the defects in the US organization. In addition, foreigners don't fill occupations yet make employments. They don't take the occupations from the Americans and there is no proof to help this view. Truth be told the foreigners start their own organizations and utilize the two workers and locals. Chiswick contends that foreigners are restricted and moved in specific zones yet the employments that vagrants perform are as yet being done in different regions or states and countless these low-gifted specialists are local to the United States (Chiswick, 2006). The statistics of 2000 shows that guys somewhere in the range of 25 and 64 years utilized that year, of those with not exactly a secondary school recognition, 64% were conceived in the US and 36% were outside conceived. Indeed, even those that have moved on from secondary school have not obtained some other abilities fundamental for higher income and there are no low-aptitude employments that American specialists would or would not do. This as it were

Nonverbal Communication Codes Essay

1. What nonverbal messages are being sent in this picture? For what reason would you say you are taking a gander at me? Is the nonverbal message that I would take from the lady with the awful tan. 2. What sort of nonverbal correspondence codes are being utilized to convey the messages? I accept the nonverbal message in this picture is Affect Displays. A lady with an undeniable terrible tan appears as if she has a negative response to the man of his word that’s doing a twofold take, taking a gander at her. Her outward appearance examines disturbance from the gazing 3. What impact does each message have on the others in the picture? It is difficult to decide the impact on the others that is in the picture; notwithstanding, I guess the individuals that are around them that saw the collaboration should’ve felt the cumbersomeness also. It would be evident that the sign would be not to get included and to turn away. 4. What nonverbal relational abilities and procedures could be utilized to convey adequately in this circumstance? Grinning or demonstrating an amicable face and eye to eye connection ought to have been made to lessen the sentiment of deficiency or clumsiness. 1. What social boundaries are found in this picture? I accept the honorable man is centered around the gathering of lady since he is attempting to make sense of their dress and culture since it is not quite the same as his. 2. What kind of nonverbal correspondence codes are being utilized to convey the messages? I feel like the kind of nonverbal correspondence codes that is being utilized is Affect Displays and Regulators. The gentleman’s act is utilized to convey his feeling and his stance posed the inquiry, â€Å"what are you are doing, and why you dressed that way?† This is a case of the influence Displays since his stance is indicating feelings. The other code that is then shown is the controller since he is giving eye to eye connection to the gathering with an outward appearance, and open mouth or cocked eyebrow, attempting to get the group’s consideration. 3. What impact does each message have on the others in the picture? The impact that every individual has in the picture is of non-influence. Nobody has notice the gentleman’s non-verbal specialized techniques. Either nobody sees it, or he is being disregarded, dependent on the people in the image. 4. What nonverbal relational abilities and systems could be utilized to impart adequately in this circumstance? The nonverbal relational abilities and methodologies that can be utilized to impart successfully in this circumstance were just being a well disposed face and grin to show no danger. Likewise, if the man of his word was extremely genuine, he ought to have halted and face the gathering that he was attempting to stand out enough to be noticed 1. What nonverbal messages are being sent in this picture? The nonverbal message in this picture says that there are despite everything places in Asia where smoking keeps on being permitted in some open places; and, smoking is a mainstream activity. 2. What sort of nonverbal correspondence codes are being utilized to convey the messages? The nonverbal correspondence code that is utilized to convey this message is the Adapters. Connectors are nonverbal practices that assist you with fulfilling individual needs and adjust to the prompt circumstance or environmental factors. 3. What impact does each message have on the others in the picture? The impact that being a connector in this picture has on others in the picture I accept is that smoking is addictive and in the event that one individual smokes a cigarette and you are a smoker thing you will need a cigarette also. 4. What nonverbal relational abilities and methodologies could be utilized to impart successfully in this circumstance? I am not a smoker; I would either leave the room or show disappointment from used smoke. 1. What social obstructions can be found in this picture? 2. What nonverbal messages are being sent in this picture? 3. What kind of nonverbal correspondence codes are being utilized to convey the messages? 4. What impact does each message have on the others in the picture? 5. What nonverbal relational abilities and methodologies could be utilized to impart successfully in this circumstance? 1. What social hindrances can be found in this picture? The social obstructions in this picture can be characterized as specialists who are perhaps headed to chip away at being a realize it irritated by a lady on her mobile phone, not focusing on where she’s going. 2. What nonverbal messages are being sent in this picture? In this picture, the individuals show an occupied, efficient picture. The influence show can be shown through their stance, and by putting little appearance on their countenances. It is as though it is a threatening hurry to get where they’re going. 3. What sort of nonverbal correspondence codes are being utilized to convey the messages? The nonverbal correspondence codes that can be shown from this picture is the Affect Display. 4. What impact does each message have on the others in the picture? It appears just as the individuals in this picture are irritated by the lady was chatting on her mobile phone and not focusing on where she’s going or having an exceptionally uproarious discussion. 5. What nonverbal relational abilities and methodologies could be utilized to convey viably in this circumstance? Woman, it would be ideal if you hang up the telephone and watch where you’re going.

Barbara Baynton †Squeaker’s Mate Essay

The underestimation of the female hero starts with the title of the story and remains valid until the end. For most of the story she is alluded to as â€Å"Squeaker’s Mate†, â€Å"she†, â€Å"her†, and â€Å"his mate†. At the point when she turns out to be gravely harmed the men of the little outback Australian settlement alert Squeaker against advising her the injury is lasting, on the grounds that it may to harm to her female sensibilities. A page later and Squeaker says to his prostrate accomplice when she says she will be up soon to help around the home once more: †Yer won’t. Yer back’s broke,’ said Squeaker briefly. That’s wot’s wrong er yer; injoory t’ th’ spine. Specialist says that implies back’s broke, and yer won’t never walk no more. No decent not t’ tell yer, cos I can’t be doin’ everything’. † The Australian brush, consistently unforgiving, was especially hazardous during the late nineteenth century, when Barbara Baynton’s story, Squeaker’s Mate, is set, and doubly or triply so for the ladies. It was a hard life, and on the off chance that you endure the initial not many years, you were matured before your time. Squeaker’s days are loaded up with building his home and having a special interest in the land, and his evenings are a gulp of cognac and cheap(er) alcohol from the store. His mate †who gave themoney to set up the property †is a weight with the exception of when she is working, and when she works, she buckles down. The mishap, which leaves her disabled, is an intense monetary blow. Squeaker remunerates by recruiting a lady to help around the spot, which is short-hand, for those occasions just as (again and again) our own, for making sure about another â€Å"mate†. From the start, this new lady †who remains, it is critical to note, anonymous all through the content †is an assistance, however she before long turns into an opponent. Too early for the first mate’s enjoying, who doesn’t care much for the new young lady: She was very little to take a gander at. Her red hair hung in an uncurled blast over her temple, the lower some portion of her face had looted the upper, and her figure displayed inevitable parenthood, however it is far fetched if the fruitless lady, taking note of this, knew by estimation the paternity was not Squeaker’s. She was not learned in these issues, however she saw about an ewe and a sheep. Squeaker is an unsavory individual, unmistakably unintelligent, obviously imperceptive to his mate’s needs. He is the prototypical unemotional male, quiet and narrow minded notwithstanding another’s affliction. In an essential section quickly following his mate’s devastating, after requesting her channel to quiet her nerves, Squeaker recovers, fills, lights and puffs on his own funnel before taking care of her, all while she lies draining and incapacitated on the ground. Minutes after the fact, he is irritated when she ceases from moving her (once more, deadened) arm from the fire when her sleeve gets land. Squeaker’s mate’s name is Mary, which is itself a reductive name as it conveys little distinction, and there’s no last name appended to it. Mary resembles John or Bob, it’s a featureless name, uncertain in its characterisation. Remotely, she stays undefined, with neither her hair shading, her body shape, her style sense, her physical quirks, at any point depicted. She is just Squeaker’s mate, and merits no pretty much than that. Or then again isn't that right? On the planet Baynton is depicting, this is actually how she would have been seen. Numerous lady during that period here were viewed as manufacturing plants for delivering babies, and on that they were machines for cleaning and cooking. They were not an equivalent buddy, and there was little desire that a man or a lady had a lot to impart to each other. It was normal, for instance, for the man to leave for quite a long time and even a long time at once, crowding sheep and pursuing down domesticated animals, or following the climate looking for occupations on different ranches both close and far. A sound lady could accept this open door to turn out to be very enterprising with the family home, wrangling over costs and selling the farm’s items at a decent cost. Yet, a disabled mate was a genuine obligation, for all intents and purposes futile, and it isn't amazing when Squeaker fails to call the specialist until his hand is constrained. While the external existence of a lady in the brush was very little, their internal lives could be extremely extraordinary in reality. The diaries of Fanny and Bessie Bussell, to take one of numerous models, were a record of their lives during mid nineteenth century Western Australia, and uncover these ladies as amusing, innovative, smart, fun loving, on edge, frank, fair and open. Their diaries were for them discussions with family back home, an approach to interface with individuals they love. For us, they are authentic relics and valuable for their record of provincial life during that period, yet they are something else, too †they are living archives, beating with newness and vitality, wondering about the marvel of the weird new land to which they had shown up. Squeaker’s mate †Mary †might not have composed any letters, yet her contemplations as depicted by Baynton demonstrate her to be clever and extreme, and incredibly discerning with respect to the feelings and thought processes of others. She is a tough lady, fearless by her physical issue however normally influenced by it, and she knows that her destiny is dismal should the new mate be acknowledged completely by Squeaker. Mary does what she can to make the circumstance advantageous for her, with astounding, savage and essential outcomes. Squeaker’s Mate originates from, I will uninhibitedly concede, an artistic genealogy of which I am not especially affectionate. The dusty, dry, neediness striken, lingo talking, naturalistic nineteenth and mid twentieth century writing is utter horror to my preferences, and is, generally, horrendously incoherent today. A long way from simply being unfashionable a considerable lot of these accounts are impervious, depending too vigorously on the desire that the peruser will completely get a handle on the physical real factors of the story and depending on neighborhood shading and portrayals of creatures and earth to convey the story along. Squeaker’s Mate transcends the garbage on account of its sharp assessment of the sexual orientation issues encompassing this wild time of Australian history, when men were fashioning new ways into the country, finding assets and building up urban communities and towns and ladies, similarly mindful, similarly at fault, similarly able, and similarly capable, were hauled unpleasantly behind, overlooked again and again, their accounts lost, lives disappeared.

It 210 Week 3 Checkpoint Tax Calculation Essay Example for Free

It 210 Week 3 Checkpoint Tax Calculation Essay NetSalary = GrossSalary †BaseTax †(GrossSalary †BaseSalary * AddlTax) In the event that GrossSalary 0.00 1,500.00, Then BaseTax = 0.00 BaseSalary = 0.00 AddlTax = (Gross Salary †BaseSalary) * 0. 15 End if In the event that GrossSalary 1,500.00 3,000.00, Then BaseTax = 225.00 BaseSalary = 1,500.00 AddlTax = (Gross Salary †BaseSalary) * 0.16 End if On the off chance that GrossSalary 3,000.00 5,000.00, Then BaseTax = 465.00 BaseSalary = 3,000.00 AddlTax = (Gross Salary †BaseSalary) * 0.18 End if On the off chance that GrossSalary 5,000.00 8,000.00, Then BaseTax = 825.00 BaseSalary = 5,000.00 AddlTax = (Gross Salary †BaseSalary) * 0.20 End if On the off chance that GrossSalary 8,000.00 15,000.00, Then BaseTax = 1,425.00 BaseSalary = 8,000.00 AddlTax = (Gross Salary †BaseSalary) * 0.25 End if On the off chance that GrossSalary 15,000.00, Then BaseTax = 1,425.00 BaseSalary = 8,000.00 AddlTax = (Gross Salary †BaseSalary) * 0..25 End if GrossSalary †BaseTax †(GrossSalary †BaseSalary * AddlTax) End CaclulateNetSalary Module DisplayGrossSalaryBaseTaxAddlTaxNetSalary Module Print â€Å"Employee Gross Pay, Tax and Net Pay Breakdown† Print â€Å"Gross Salary† GrossSalary Print â€Å"Base Tax† BaseTax Print â€Å"Additional Tax† AddlTax Print â€Å"Net Salary† * NetSalary End DisplayGrossSalaryBaseTaxAddlTaxNetSalary Module Test Values Info Anticipated Output Remarks Pay = 0.00 Assessment = 0.00 Least compensation in pay go 1 Pay = - 1,000.00 Blunder Message Out of range condition Pay = 1,000.00 Assessment = 150.00 Midrange pay in compensation go 1 Salary= 1,499.99 Assessment = 225.00 Most significant pay in compensation go 1 Pay = 1,500.00 Assessment = 225.00 Least compensation in pay go 2 Compensation = 2,250.00 Expense = 345.00 Midrange compensation in pay extend 2 Compensation = 2,999.99 Expense = 465.00 Most significant compensation in pay extend 2 Compensation = 3,000.00 Expense = 465.00 Most reduced pay in compensation run 3 Compensation = 4,000.00 Expense = 645.00 Midrange compensation in pay extend 3 Pay = 4,999.99 Assessment = 825.00 Most significant pay in compensation extend 3 Pay = 5,000.00 Assessment = 825.00 Most minimal compensation in pay extend 4 Pay = 6,500.00 Assessment = 1,095.00 Midrange pay in compensation extend 4 Pay = 7,999.99 Assessment = 1,425.00 Most significant pay in compensation extend 4 Pay = 8,000.00 Assessment = 1,425.00 Least pay in pay extend 5 Pay = 11,500.00 Duty = 2,300.00 Midrange pay in pay run 5 Pay = 14,999.99 Assessment = 3,175.00 Most significant pay in pay run 5 Pay = 15,000.00 Assessment = 3,175.00 Pay that surpasses the most significant pay in pay extend 5 by 0.01 Salary = 100,000.00 Duty = 24,425.00 Pay that surpasses the most significant pay in compensation run 5

Finding Balance

Finding Balance Okay, everybody! Shut up! Aaron*, dance coach of the MIT Ballroom Dance Team, stared out at the crowd of giggling students attempting, in pairs, to stumble out the steps of the international rumba. Here in Lobby 13, the dancers-to-be had convened from near and far, hailing from MIT, Wellesley, Harvard, and beyond for the Ballroom Dance Camp, Day 2. Look, enthusiasm is good, said Aaron. But you need to find internal enthusiasm. Your enthusiasm comes from outside, so it is only momentary. Internal enthusiasm stays with you forever. To dance, you must find a balance within yourself. He had quite a point. Calling MIT freshmen enthusiastic was probably an understatement. Weve been positively explosive for the past two weeks, and even though classes just started this Wednesday, there are no signs of anyone settling down. The buzz of newness still fills the air as we roam MIT and Boston, losing sleep and loading up on free food, free t-shirts, free bags, free water bottles, free alarm clocks, and evenfree levels, courtesy MIT Libraries. Every engineers gotta know where his level is, right? Mine is now on top of my roommates whiteboard, where it affirms that the whiteboard is indeed level (an accomplishment my roommate and I are fairly proud of, having mounted the whiteboard before we had access to a level). Which brings us back to balance. I know you are having fun, but your dancing will always express what you are inside, continued Aaron. Stop talking. Focus. Feel the music. Feel the dance within you. Thats how you have real fun. You. Must. Find. Balance. Balance, is of course, difficult to find at a place at MIT. Theres just so much going on outside of classes and ballroom dancing. For example, slacklining between two trees outside the student center: My introduction to slacklining went something like this: Me: Whoa, this is really cool! Im gonna watch! Slackliner: Hey, do you wanna try? Kick off your shoes and hop on! If theres one thing about MIT I love so far, its that exchanges like this are totally common. Everyone takes immense pleasure in sharing their passions and hobbies, even with total strangers. In any case, slacklining is not tightrope walking (because the line is, you know, slack). The line is a one-inch-wide nylon or polyester webbing that wobbles like crazy. Its essentially a one-inch-wide trampoline. The trick to slacklining, so I gather, lies in training your leg to counter-wobble against the lines wobbling. If you counter-wobble too slowly, youll actually amplify the wobbling by resonating with it and probably fall off the line. Ive been slacklining a total of three times now (the slackliner is super friendly and invites all of his new apprentices, who are mainly interested noobs like me, every time he sets up the line), and I can now almost make it halfway across the line without having my hand on someones shoulder. The secret? Finding balance. Sometimes you feel like youll fall off, and you have to throw out an arm or a leg to counterbalance and keep your center of mass above the line. Most of the time you still fall off the line, and you learn quickly to take it in stride, get back on and try again. And again. And again. Youve probably guessed where this metaphor is going. Finding balance in slacklining is, in this sense, a lot like finding balance in dance, and both slacklining and dance are (I suspect) a lot like life at MIT. It will be fun, and also equally frustrating. It will take focus and careful teamwork. I will probably fail often, and that probably wont stop me from continuing to try. And hopefully, Ill get better at finding balance day by day. Signing off, Allan *pseudonym used

My Beloved World Book Review - Free Essay Example

My Beloved World Book Review The nations first ever Latina Supreme Court Justice, Sonia Sotomayor, was appointed to the bench in 2009.   Her autobiography, My Beloved World, has become one of the nations best seller and is published had been two languages. Her book is a captivating and inspirational story that focuses on her triumphs despite the struggles she experienced in her life. The tone throughout her book is mostly positive, however Sotomayor mentions her life challenges with type one diabetes during childhood, the death of her cousin due to acquiring AIDS, her regret of not having kids and her failed marriage. The book ends just as she is appointed to the Supreme Court. Overall, Sotomayor offers a story about an underprivileged young woman from the Bronx who works her way into the American elite. When Sotomayor was just seven years old, she was diagnosed with type one diabetes. Without her parents help, she learned how to give herself insulin shots by practicing on an orange. Her daily shots of insulin became her way of limiting arguments between her parents. Her father could not give her the shots because his hands trembled due to his alcoholism, and her mother, who was a nurse, would always work long hours and got irritated when she couldnt rely on him to take care of young Sotomayor. The last thing I wanted was for them to fight about me, Sotomayor also explains that It then dawned on me: If I needed to have these shots every day for the rest of my life, the only way Id survive was to do it myself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As a child, Sotomayor was raised in a Spanish speaking home in the housing projects of the Bronx. Her father was an alcoholic and died when Sonia was just nine years old. Her mother was very dedicated to Sotomayor and her brother, Juniors, education that she bought them a set of Encyclopedias she could hardly afford. Much of Sotomayors childhood was spent with her extended families, especially her beloved grandmother, whom she adored and became a huge influence in her life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sotomayors intelligence and motivation got her accepted into Princeton as an undergrad, and then to Yale Law School. Her most captivating writing comes from the chapters about her higher education, where she noticed the social gaps that separated her from richer classmates. As a freshman in Princeton, Sotomayor noticed that her writing skills were not strong compared to other students. She would check out grammar books from the library and taught herself how to strengthen her writing. As part of her scholarship she worked at a data-entry job, where she would input the financial records for Princetons legacy students in the computers. For Sotomayor, who grew up with a family that did not even own a bank account stated that,   this was a glimpse of trust funds; tax write-offs and loopholes; Summer jobs at daddys firm that paid the equivalent of a years tuition. This is when she realized how much financial entitlement the privileged class got in comparison to other classes. When President Obama had appointed Sotomayor as the Supreme court Justice, he had   chosen the word Empathy on his wishlist. Empathy was the word he had chosen to describe Sotomayor as the next supreme court Justice. Empathy is also the major theme for Sotomayors book. She explains empathy as   a product of listening closely to the words and needs of others. Sotomayor has payed attention to the advice she was told by others throughout her lifetime, especially from her beloved grandmother, the captain of her high school forensics team who encouraged her to apply to Princeton, and her many mentors at the law school. One of the most intriguing characteristics of Sotomayor is her personality. She is never afraid to confront her fears and failures and taking risks. For instance, when she did not do well in a course, she took a harder course in that same subject. To reduce her fear of swimming, she took multiple swimming lessons to become a stronger swimmer. Sotomayor eventually asked her friends for shopping advice. She wanted to discover her own style because she always claimed to have no interest in clothing and felt that her style could never compete with her mother.   After Sotomayors failed marriage, she wanted to find new ways to distract herself, and she decided to take salsa lessons, in which she found a new to way express herself. Sotomayor has been an inspiration to all based on all the risks she has taken throughout her lifetime. As the book progresses, Sotomayor writes: I have ventured to write more intimately about my personal life than is customary for a member of the Supreme Court, and with that candor comes a measure of vulnerability. I will be judged as a human being by what readers find here. There are hazards to openness, but they seem minor compared with the possibility that some readers may find comfort, perhaps even inspiration, from a close examination of how an ordinary person, with strengths and weaknesses like anyone else, has managed an extraordinary journey. She wants the audience to understand who she is by discussing her underprivileged upbringing and the challenges she faced in overcoming barriers with the hopes that she is able to inspire underprivileged communities. She also wants to prove that she is still equal as everyone else, regardless of her status. My Beloved World is inspirational and proves to the readers that success doesnt come from being rich and having all the resources. It does not matter what background, city or history you came from, as long as you believe in yourself and persevere you will be able to follow your dreams. Her book reminds everyone that hard work on its own is not enough to take anyone to be successful in America, but having a specific drive and motivation can help us lead to success.   Sonia Sotomayor has become a world wide influencer that has the changed the perspective of many people who did not believe in having a dream and pursuing it.

Anders Celsius - Centigrade Scale and Thermometer

Swedish astronomer/inventor/physicist Anders Celsius (1701—1744), inventor of the eponymous Celsius scale and a mind of great consequence from the time of the Enlightenment, was born on November 27, 1701, in Uppsala, Sweden, north of Stockholm. In fact, an inverted form of Celsius original design (also known as the centigrade scale) reaped such high praise from the scientific community for its accuracy, that it would go on to become the standard measure of temperature used in nearly all scientific endeavors. Early Life and Career in Astronomy Raised a Lutheran, Celsius was educated in his home town. Both of his grandfathers were professors: Magnus Celsius was a mathematician and Anders Spole was an astronomer. From his early childhood, Celsius excelled in mathematics. He went on to study at Uppsala University where, in 1725, he became the secretary of the Royal Society of Sciences (a title he retained until his death). In 1730, he succeeded his father, Nils Celsius, as professor of astronomy. By the early 1730s, Celsius became determined to build a world-class astronomical observatory in Sweden and from 1732 to 1734, he embarked on a grand tour of Europe, visiting notable astronomical sites, and working alongside many leading 18th-century astronomers. At about this same time (1733), he published a collection of 316 observations on the Aurora Borealis. Celsius published the bulk of his research in at the  Royal Society of Sciences  in Uppsala which was founded in 1710. In addition, he published papers at the  Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, founded in 1739, and presided over approximately 20 dissertations in astronomy, of which he was primarily the main author. He also authored a popular book, â€Å"Arithmetics for the Swedish Youth.†Ã‚  Ã‚   Celsius made numerous astrological observations over the course of his career, including eclipses and a variety of astronomical objects. Celsius devised own photometric system of measurement, which relied on viewing the light from a star or other celestial object through a series of identical transparent glass plates and then comparing their magnitudes by calculating the number of glass plates it took for the light to be extinguished. (Sirius, the brightest star in the sky, required 25 plates.) Using this system, he cataloged the magnitude of 300 stars. Celsius is considered to be the first astronomer to analyze the changes of the earth’s magnetic field during the northern lights and to measure the brightness of stars. It was Celsius, along with his assistant, who discovered that the Aurora Borealis had an influence on compass needles. Determining the Shape of the Earth One of the major scientific questions being debated during Celsiuss lifetime was the shape of the planet we live on. Isaac Newton had proposed that the Earth was not completely spherical but rather flattened at the poles. Meanwhile, cartographic measurements taken by the French suggested that the Earth was, instead, elongated at the poles. To find a resolution to the dispute, two expeditions tasked with measuring one degree of the meridian in each of the polar regions were dispatched. The first, in 1735, traveled to Ecuador in South America. The second, headed by Pierre Louis de Maupertuis sailed north in 1736 to Torneà ¥, the northernmost area in Sweden, in what was known as the Lapland Expedition. Celsius, who signed on as de Maupertuiss assistant, was the only professional astronomer to take part in the adventure. The data collected eventually corroborated Newtons hypothesis that the Earth was indeed flattened at the poles. The Uppsala Astronomical Observatory and Later Life After the Lapland Expedition returned, Celsius went home to Uppsala, where his exploits earned him the fame and notoriety that were key to securing the funding he needed to build a modern observatory in Uppsala. Celsius commissioned the building of the Uppsala Observatory, Swedens first, in 1741, and was appointed its director. The following year, he devised his eponymous Celsius scale of temperature. Thanks to its detailed measuring environment and methodology, the Celsius scale was deemed to be more precise than those created by Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit (Fahrenheit scale) or Rene-Antoine Ferchault de Rà ©aumur (Rà ©aumur scale). Fast Facts: The Celsius (Centigrade) Scale Anders Celsius invented his temperature scale in 1742.Using a mercury thermometer, the Celsius scale consists of 100 degrees between the freezing point (0 ° C) and boiling point (100 ° C) of pure water at sea level air pressure.The definition of centigrade: Consisting of or divided into 100 degrees.Celsiuss original scale was reversed to create the centigrade scale.The term Celsius was adopted in 1948 by an international conference on weights and measures. Celsius was also noted for his promotion of the Gregorian calendar, which was adopted in Sweden nine years after the astronomers death. In addition, he created a series of geographical measurements for the Swedish General Map and was one of the first to realize that the Nordic countries are slowly rising above sea level. (While the process had been going on since the end of the last ice age, Celsius mistakenly concluded that the phenomenon was the result of evaporation.) Celsius died of tuberculosis in 1744 at the age of 42. While he had started numerous research projects, he actually finished very few of them. A draft of a science fiction novel, situated partly on the star Sirius, was found among the papers he left behind.

The Pros of Mosquitoes and Their Important Roles

Not much love is lost between people and mosquitoes. If insects can be credited with evil intent, mosquitoes seem determined to wipe out the human race. As carriers of deadly diseases, mosquitoes are the  deadliest insect on Earth. Each year, hundreds of thousands of people die from malaria, dengue fever, and yellow fever after being bitten by a disease-carrying, blood-sucking mosquito. The Zika virus can harm fetuses if a pregnant woman gets bitten, and chikungunya can cause debilitating joint pain. If these diseases affect a large population at once, the outbreak can overwhelm local health care, the UN reports. Mosquitoes also carry diseases that pose serious threats to livestock and pets. At the very least, these bloodthirsty insects are major annoyances, biting humans with a persistence that can be maddening. Knowing this, is there an intrinsic value to keeping them around? If we could, should we just eradicate them all off the face of the earth? The answer is mosquitoes do have value. Scientists are divided as to whether theyre worth it, though. The Long History of Mosquitoes on Earth Mosquitoes populated this planet long before man. The oldest mosquito fossils date back some 200 million years, to the Cretaceous period.   More than 3,500 species of mosquitoes have already been  described from various parts of the world, of which only a few hundred species bite or bother humans. In fact, only female mosquitoes bite humans. Males lack the parts to penetrate human skin.   Benefits Many scientists agree that mosquitoes present more of a hassle than they have value. The mere fact that they are the reason for so many human deaths a year is reason enough to wipe them off the planet. However, mosquitoes serve important functions in numerous ecosystems, serving as food for many species, helping filter detritus for plant  life to thrive, pollinating flowers, and even affecting the herding paths of caribou in the tundra. Last, scientists are looking at the mosquito for potential medical treatments. The Food Web Mosquito larvae are aquatic insects  and, as such, play an important role in the aquatic food chain. According to Dr. Gilbert Waldbauer in The Handy Bug Answer Book, Mosquito larvae are filter feeders that strain tiny organic particles such as unicellular algae from the water and convert them to the tissues of their own bodies, which are, in turn, eaten by fish. Mosquito larvae are, in essence, nutrient-packed snacks for fish and other aquatic animals. In addition, while species of mosquitoes eat the  carcasses of  insects  that drown in the  water,  the mosquito larvae feed on the waste products, making nutrients such as nitrogen available for the plant community to thrive. Thus, the elimination of those mosquitoes  might affect plant growth in those areas. A mosquitos role on the bottom of the food chain does not end at the larval stage. As adults, mosquitoes serve as equally nutritious meals for birds, bats, and spiders. Mosquitoes seem to represent a considerable biomass of food for wildlife on the lower rungs of the food chain. Mosquito  extinction, if it is achievable, could have an adverse effect on the ecosystem. However, many scientists suggest that the ecosystem could eventually rebound and another species could take its place in the system. Acting as Pollinators Only the females of some mosquito species need a meal of blood to get the proteins necessary to lay eggs. For the most part, male and female adult mosquitoes depend on nectar for energy. While retrieving nectar, mosquitoes pollinate plants to help to ensure that different types of plant life thrive.  When mosquitoes pollinate  plants, especially the aquatic ones around which they spend much of their lives, they help perpetuate these plants. These plants provide cover and shelter for other animals and organisms. Medicinal Lessons? Although the mosquito has been a known vector for spreading disease all over the world, there is some hope that mosquito saliva may  have some potential use for the treatment of the No. 1 worldwide killer of humans: cardiovascular disease. One promising application is the development of anticlotting drugs, such as clotting inhibitors and capillary dilators. The composition of mosquito saliva is relatively simple, as it usually contains fewer than 20 dominant proteins. Despite the great strides in knowledge of these molecules and their role in blood feeding, scientists still know only about half of the molecules found in the insects saliva.

Homelessness Is A Major Social Crisis Essay - 1505 Words

San Francisco has a homelessness problem, yet that problem can be solved. The problem of homelessness in San Francisco can be observed by taking a stroll through an area such as the Tenderloin District or Haight Ashbury. In these places, homeless people are plentiful, yet they are almost always overlooked by the other San Franciscans who use those areas to work and play. Providing permanent housing (as opposed to places at shelters) to chronically homeless people has been proven to be an efficient method of combatting homelessness. I propose that San Francisco introduce a voluntary 10-cent tax on coffee, as a way of raising money to provide services to homeless people within permanent housing, and simultaneously raise awareness about the housing disparity within San Francisco. Homelessness is a major social crisis in the United States of America. From 2014 to 2015, homelessness in America increased by 2 percent. The major sub-populations which comprise homeless people in America are unsheltered persons, families, chronically homeless people, and veterans (National Alliance to End Homelessness 3). In America, 15 percent of homeless people are defined as being chronically homeless, while 2 percent of homeless families are chronically homeless (ibid. 7). A person is defined as chronically homeless by the United States Government if they have been continually homeless for a year or more, or have experienced more than twelve months of homelessness in the last three years (OfficeShow MoreRelatedSocial Problems Within The Australian Society1215 Words   |  5 PagesA Social Analysis – Homelessness There are a growing number of social problems existing within the Australian society and unfortunately, research does not need to prove this. All it takes is a stroll down the main street of some suburbs to realise the extent of social problems within society. Homelessness is a rising trend that is affecting people of all demographics. Homelessness is more than just a simple disadvantage; with usually many underpinning factors which contribute to it, such as domesticRead MoreThe Social Issues of Homelessness Essay examples1432 Words   |  6 PagesSociology 2, Social Issues Problems Section 80528 November 24, 2008 The Social Issue of Homelessness Homelessness has always been a major social issue for cities across the nation but in recent years it is reached astonishing proportions. In this essay I will try to summarize ten recently published articles and each of the authors view of homelessness. First I will discuss some of their opinions of the causes of the recent increase of homelessness and who or what is to blame. Next we willRead MoreHomelessness is Everyones Problem888 Words   |  3 PagesHomelessness in United States is a dangerous problem that requires everyone’s contemplation and co-operation. Thousands of people are forced to live in the streets, parks, and in shelters since they lack a place of their own to live. For a long period, in United States homelessness has been a serious and an unsolved problem. National Law Center of Homelessness and Poverty reports that homeless population in United States is estimated around 3.5 million, but on the other hand there are nearly 18.6Read MoreThe Plan For Eradicat ing Homelessness1203 Words   |  5 Pageshousing services, funding dedicated to eradicating homelessness in Seattle should go towards increasing the availability and accessibility of supportive services such as substance abuse and mental health programs. In 2005, The Committee to End Homelessness in King County (CEHKC) began its implementation of â€Å"A Roof Over Every Bed in King County: Our Community s Ten-Year Plan to End Homelessness. This plan outlined strategies to end and prevent homelessness with a focus on increasing permanent housingRead MoreHomelessness : Extreme Poverty And The Urban Housing Crisis913 Words   |  4 PagesHomelessness has affected many individuals throughout the United States and the world. On, 2014 the National Alliance to End Homelessness collected that â€Å"578,424 people experiencing homelessness on any given night in the United States (â€Å"Snapshot of Homelessness). Most individuals believe that more individuals are single, but â€Å"216, 197 are people in families,† and â€Å"362,163 are individuals,† (â€Å"Snapshot of Homelessness). Homelessness affects everyone, from families to individuals and veterans. In theRead MoreHomelessness Is A Major Issue Essay1428 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Homelessness is a major issue in Edinburgh (Torrie, 2014). Progress has been made (Gordon, 2015), but we can do far better. It is possible to completely end chronic homelessness. How? The answer is surprisingly straightforward: put housing first. But homelessness will not end as long as our goal is merely to manage homelessness, rather than eradicate it. This brief will explore approaches to ending homelessness, and their successes and potential drawbacks. It will be concluded basedRead MoreEssay On The Decision To Leave The Ireland1035 Words   |  5 Pagesthis, Irelands present housing crisis has the ability to become the biggest constraint on Irelands economic growth. In fact, the housing crisis in Ireland is so crippling it could result in the loss of these multinational organisations coming from the UK following the wake of Brexit (The Irish Times). Multinational firms will tend to cluster around city-regions due to their high volume of highly skilled labour and good transport networks. However, in Irelands major cities such as Dublin, Cork, GalwayRead MoreThe Homelessness : Australia Is Described As A Developed Nation1519 Words   |  7 PagesAustralia is described as a developed nation. Homelessness a rising problem that is occurring in Australia. St Vincent De Paul is a Catholic organization that lives out the Gospel message and offers a hand to people in need. Vinnie’s have recognised homelessness as an issue that we need to address and we as a community need to work to shape a more just and compassionate society. 1. What is homelessness? There is no specific definition for homelessness, but it is a growing problem that goes much furtherRead MoreThe Affordability Problem Of Washington State1709 Words   |  7 Pages2015 booklet page 297) This is because throughout the nation there is a large differences between minimum wage, housing wage, and the affordable units available. As noted earlier in the essay, King County is experiencing a huge affordable housing Crisis. The 2015 Housing Needs Assessment indicated that there are only 28 affordable units for every 100 extremely cost burden families. Washington State is short in 166,058 affordable units, 2015. With Seattle economy and populations growing each yearRead MoreMental Illness, Drug And Alcohol Abuse1476 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction The information I gathered from the research was that the major factors that contribute to homelessness are mental illness, drug and alcohol abuse. I also learned that many individuals need to develop skills and seek treatment to learn how to break the patterns which lead to cyclical or generational homelessness (Morris, 1997). There are many signs that contribute to individuals paths to homelessness and some include sudden unemployment, maintain a budget for the family, domestic violence

reconstruction Essay - 1028 Words

Andrew Johnson took office after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln in 1865. He was a Southern Democrat from Tennessee, when he became president, the Civil War had ended and reconstruction was in its beginning stages. Johnson was then faced with the same problems Lincoln had -- the challenge of mending a broken nation, yet there was a definite difference in the ways Johnson and Lincoln approached the problems of Reconstruction. Johnson was not one of our best or brightest presidents, he did not care about his public appearance and he was not good at making decisions. One of the most illogical decisions Johnson made as president was to start a new reconstruction plan, before his death Lincoln already had a plan set out. Yet Johnson†¦show more content†¦This was not a good idea for Johnson because he already had a lot of enemies because he was a radical democrat from the South. The south loathed him because he was a democrat and the North loathed him due to his lenient treat ment of the South. The North wanted to deal with the South brutality yet Johnson handed out many pardons to the Confederates, pushed to restore civilian control in the Southern states and shied away from implementing voting rights for blacks. From the beginning, Johnson was at odds with the Radical Republicans, who favored radical reconstruction of the defeated Southern states, including military rule and distribution of both land and voting rights to blacks. Later these same people voted to impeach him. Johnson believed that the government should be indulgent with the Southerners. Since that is how he felt he took the insinuative to make a proclamation of amnesty in May 1865, without giving the public any say in the matter. This angered a lot of Democrats and Northerners who felt that the South should not just be pardoned that they should be reprimanded. Then Johnson took it a step further by not only pardoning all of the southerners but, allowing them to have and form their own new governments. This allowed the south to have ex-confederate leaders to hold spaces in the senate, for example, Senator Alexander H. Stephens who was the vice president of the Confederacy. At this point a lot of people were tried of Johnson as thereShow MoreRelatedCrime Scene Reconstruction1438 Words   |  6 PagesKristin Waters Crime Scene Reconstruction ENC 1102-154 Reconstructing a crime scene takes a lot of effort from experienced law enforcement, medical examiners, and criminalists. All of these professionals give unique perspectives to develop a crime-scene reconstruction. Forensic scientists also play a vital role in helping to reconstruct the crime scene. They use the crime-scene reconstruction to show events that occurred prior to, during, and after a crime was committed. (Saferstein, 2009) Read MoreReconstruction Of Reconstruction And Reconstruction1031 Words   |  5 PagesReconstruction what is it?What does it mean to reconstruct? Is it possible to reconstruct nowadays? Reconstruction started in 1865 and ended in 1877.Reconstruction took place mostly in the south. Reconstruction was created to help fix the problems in the new union after slavery, but sadly didn t end well causing an all white government into power and failing the union. New economic,political and industrial growth was being made. New job opportunities were being m ade for the people and former blackRead MoreReconstruction Goals : Reconstruction And Reconstruction1296 Words   |  6 PagesReconstruction Goals Reconstruction started in 1865 after the war was coming to an end and completed in 1877. It Is the process by which federal government controlled the former Confederate states and the conditions for their readmission to the union. Abraham Lincoln was our president at the time and could not form a treaty with the defeated government. After the emancipation, thousands of freedmen left their plantation to find a new life without being owned and forced to work. This began theRead MoreReconstruction : The Failure Of Reconstruction1529 Words   |  7 PagesReconstruction: By: Siryet Girma 1,514 words 7 pages Historical Paper Reconstruction: the failure Reconstruction was a failure because African American were still not equal to White Americans. The Emancipation Proclamation was proclaimed in January 1, 1863. It freed more than 3 million slaves in the Confederate states by January 1, 1863, blacks enlisted in the Union Army in large numbers, reaching some 180,000 by war’sRead MoreReconstruction Of The Reconstruction Era1587 Words   |  7 PagesThe Reconstruction Era was known as a time to reconstruct the United States of America by the expansion of governmental power that began in 1865. â€Å"There were two central problems that animated Reconstruction; providing justice for freedmen and facilitating national reconciliation. (A New Birth of Freedom, pg. 1) After the 12 year span, reconstructing the nation succeeded in only a few of the goals that were set out to achieve within those 12 years that it was in progress. 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The Daubert Standard will discuss and how facial reconstruction was allowed as evidence thru this standard. I will go over all the periods of time that facial reconstruction was used. ComputerizedRead MoreBreast Reconstruction Procedures For Women1221 Words   |  5 PagesBrickell neighborhood. He performs breast reconstruction procedures for women who have had a mastectomy. With breast reconstruction surgery, Dr. G can provide women with natural-looking, shapely breasts. Types of Breast Reconstruction Procedures Available Near Brickell For some patients, reconstruction can begin during their mastectomy. Other patients may choose to have their breast reconstruction at some point after their mastectomy. Typically, breast reconstruction surgery involves several surgical sessionsRead More Reconstruction Essay932 Words   |  4 Pages Reconstruction took place after the end of the civil war. The reason for reconstruction was to put the union back together and free the slaves once and for all. Reconstruction took three eras to be completed. The first was Lincoln, the second Andrew Johnson, and the third was the Congressional â€Å"hard plan.† The Lincoln era lasted from 1863-1865. On December of 1863 the decree of â€Å"soft plan† was introduced. The â€Å"soft plan† included amnesty for the southerners that took the loyalty oath. It alsoRead MoreReconstruction Vs Republican Reconstruction Essay1035 Words   |  5 Pagesappearance of the Reconstruction Era in 1865. It was a period in which Americans â€Å"put the pieces together†. People were split after the Civil War, some wanted to reconstruct the Confederate states- where it is politically and economically damaged- and the others wanted to have revenge against the South because they caused the war that resulted with memories of death and suffer the Americans had to endure. And that was a reason of the emerging of the Presidential Reconstruction and the Republican

Graduation Speech Free Essays

Introduction: Welcome students, faculty, teachers, and principles to graduation day, a blank page in the start of a book about our careers. However, there are those 15,660 hours wasted and never coming back from 12 exhausting years of schooling. That is just too much damn time lost that cannot be retained back. We will write a custom essay sample on Graduation Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is also equal to about 2,100 days extracted from underneath our feet. Piles of homework, loads of classes, trays of whatever the cafeteria has found, and rooms of disgraceful teachers engrossed these past dozen years. I bet we’ve tried foolproof ways to succeed in school: cramming our minds of too much information, memorizing just to forget the next day, and mastering the process of procrastination. But within those useless 15,000 hours or so comes the career which has become of those days in a desk. I’m not here to mimic the rulers of middle school saying â€Å"High school is what really matters† and the high school hierarchy saying â€Å"Make College what really counts. † Body: From Kindergarten to our senior year, we have been trapped in a building of mixed corridors and connected rooms. Exhausted and exasperated, we’ve woken to the early hours of the morning and taken ourselves to one of these three schools, whether we wanted to or not. Those elementary years where we joined the band and chorus because â€Å"it was cool† or â€Å"because our friends did it. † The middle school years where we faced the drama of school groups and the grueling process of growing up. And, to the now, where we brace for the rest of our lives and prepare for the future to come. The information we have attained, or lack thereof, can only be used to better ourselves and it is our responsibility to capitalize upon opportunities that arise from this valuable information. Now, as we progress into the real world, whether it be the job workforce, military, or college, we embrace the difficult transition from our day-after-day routine of high school to a more adjustable and sustainable forthcoming. Conclusion: In a nutshell, the last dozen agonizing years seemed too long, exaggerated, or useless, to be anything of importance. But, the legacy we bring as we advance with our cap and gowns, diplomas and certificates, awards and honors, we transgress from students to scholars into the real society of life. We as high school students leave the walls of routine life and enter the world where we are on our own with less guidance and no helping hands or overseeing eyes. However, the only aspect of high school life following us into the real world is our goal. The goal that has carried us to the college of choice and the career of which we pursue. And so, I leave with a word to the wise from Nelson Mandela, the iconic revolutionary of South Africa: â€Å"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world. † How to cite Graduation Speech, Papers Graduation Speech Free Essays First of all, I would like to thank you all for coming to our graduation. What this ceremony is, is a celebration of a major accomplishment in our lives, the accomplishment of achieving an education. For many of us it has taken a lot of blood, sweat, and tears to get here, so today is our reward for the long hours we devoted to reading, writing, and researching, for the stress of taking difficult tests, and for the difficulties we have had to overcome. We will write a custom essay sample on Graduation Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now Though this ceremony recognizes OUR efforts in this accomplishment, it also recognizes and pays homage to the dedication of our parents. Today is the return on the work they invested in us through patient teaching and parenting. We would not have been able to accomplish this much without their help. Their guidance has allowed us to grow into men and woman of character, capable of doing great things. This ceremony is also both an end, and a beginning. It is the end of childhood, of a period of growing and maturing. But, it is also the beginning of a new chapter in our lives, one that is full of the promise of what we may accomplish. While I have the time I want to address the accomplishments of the past as well as the promise and potential of the future. Graduating is our accomplishment, but we wouldn’t have made it here if it wasn’t for the heroic efforts of our parents. They are the ones who chose to add to their titles of parent, homemaker, and provider, the title of teacher, and with that the responsibility of educating us. They voluntarily took on this extra responsibility, because they felt that personally seeing to our education was best for us, so at the expense of their free time, and perhaps just a bit of their sanity, they decided to home school us. It was this dedication to giving us the best education possible that has brought us here. Whenever we struggled in school, whenever we didn’t understand, they did what it took to help us learn, usually, that meant spending even more of the precious little free time they had not already sacrificed to homeschooling, to teaching and relearning every subject that they hated to do when they were in school. When we were frustrated and on the verge of throwing our textbooks across the room, they where the ones who came and spoke the encouraging words that motivated us to overcome whatever trouble we encountered. As our teachers, they taught us much, but as our parents they taught us even more. Along with giving us lessons in math and science, they have constantly taught us lessons in values. By their example, we have learned to walk with integrity and faith, showing character in all that we do. They have shown us that there is no limit to what we can accomplish when we work diligently and patiently. These values will stay with us longer than anything else that we have learned. No matter where we go, no matter what we do, they will be there to help guide us. With graduation ends our journey through high school. For many of us, it’s been a long, rough road to get here. Difficulties have come in the form of poor health and injury. Some of us have struggled financially, and all of us have faced the pressure of difficult classes. These trials have not made us bitter, they have not crushed our spirit, but they have helped shape us. Often it turns out that difficulty, strife, and stress are ingredients of strength, for instance steel is one of the most reliable and durable materials known to man. To make steel, iron ore is heated to a temperature of over one-thousand degrees Celsius, but because of that incredible heat, it becomes strong. It can then be made into almost anything: bridges, skyscrapers, ships, airplanes, tools, machines, even works of art. From the incredible heat it is subjected to, it gains the strength that allows it to be used to anything. The challenges we have faced have strengthened us like the heat strengthens steel. From our adversity, we have learned to overcome, to meet hardship with hard work, hopelessness with faith, and to be unyielding in all of our values. Now we stand here, as adults preparing to walk out into the world, ready to shape our future, and no matter what path we take in life I know that we will never forget the life lessons that have been taught to us, they will enable us to be successful in all of our endeavors. We are ready to become students with an open mind and a hunger for knowledge, pursuing truth with the aid of the wisdom and discernment impressed upon us by our parent’s teachings, or to become workers ready to excel at our jobs because of the examples set before us in diligence and discipline by our parents and role models. Yes, for us the future looks bright! How to cite Graduation Speech, Essay examples

Guilt and Regret Essay Sample free essay sample

Guilt and sorrows are two emotions that have transcended clip and have invariably been used as literary subjects for infinite old ages and countless plants. Literature captures the kernel of humanity and expresses it in ways that most can non make. therefore we look to literature as a manner to associate and steer us through whatever it is we are seeking to cover with. whether it be positive or negative. In this essay I will be researching Edgar Allen Poe’s â€Å"The Raven. † to show the look of guilt and sorrow in the signifier of poesy utilizing different poetic devices to make so. I will be analysing the thought that the storyteller of the verse form is non merely showing sorrow over the loss of his â€Å"Lenore. † but besides guilt stemming from his belief that he could hold done more to salvage her. or in fact possibly even caused the decease of his beloved Lenore. Poe does a good occupation of dividing the verse form into two classs or subdivisions. so to talk. One being the hopeful thought that he can acquire Lenore back or at least see her shade and perchance accommodate with her so that he can populate on merrily. The other being the dark and dramatic tone of the verse form that takes overpowering precedency after the first few stanzas. And the manner Poe does that. evidently non holding the usage of images to help him. anytime he is speaking about Lenore or something positive. he uses positive imagination such as â€Å"the white flop of Pallas† to depict his beloved Lenore. What makes this poem more than merely a horror narrative is the manner that Poe uses his words and poetic accomplishments to thrust the reader into the narrator’s head and into his mind so that you know non merely his feelings. but his ideas excessively. It is a deep verse form on many degrees and through the remainder of this thesis I will turn out that the storyteller is responsible in some capacity for the decease of Lenore. The verse form is written in a melancholy tone from the really get downing when Poe describes the dark that he is visited by the Corvus corax as a midnight dreary. besides saying that it is during â€Å"the black December. † ( Line 7 ) He instantly starts off puting the tone of the verse form and the scene of the verse form as an unhappy and sorrowful atmosphere so the reader gets the feeling of unhappiness from the storyteller from the first line. From that line about December along with the line mentioning to â€Å"dying embers† the reader is thrust into a scene of depression and unhappiness. December is a month where all things being to disintegrate and decease. from the foliages. to the grass along with animate beings non deceasing. but flying for heater conditions. The deceasing coals is merely another manner that Poe creates the scene for the reader so that it is as if he is painting an image of what is traveling on with the storyteller. It does non take long for Poe to give the reader a sense of edginess. It is clear that besides from the first stanza that the storyteller is on border. while he reads â€Å"forgotten lore† ( line 2 ) . The storyteller is most likely partaking in some signifier of black thaumaturgy to convey back his doomed love. Lenore. Poe uses the literary devices. internal rime and initial rhyme to give the first and other stanzas a musical or rhythmic sound that aids the overall tone of unhappiness for the verse form. By giving the verse form a structured rhythmic tone. it genuinely aids the sense of the narrator’s unhappiness and fright of the state of affairs he is in. Besides. the dark musical subject of the first stanza serves as cogent evidence that the storyteller of the verse form is genuinely executing some type of black thaumaturgy. because if you look back at mankind’s remembrance of black thaumaturgy. they are about performed utilizing some type of musical ritual where people are sing-songy in the manner that they are transporting ou t the black thaumaturgy. The storyteller goes on in the following stanza to speak about how he. â€Å"sought to borrow from my books cessation of sorrow – sorrow for the lost Lenore. † This is the first clip in the verse form that he mentions what he is so sad about. which is the loss of his beloved. Lenore. Now the storyteller is seting the pieces together and he clearly is seeking to utilize the forgotten traditional knowledge. or black thaumaturgy to convey back or at least connect with his asleep love. Lenore. Poe uses peculiarly bewitching enunciation and a combination of vowel rhyme. the repeat of vowel sounds to make internal rime lt ; and initial rhyme. the repeat of a peculiar sound in the first syllable. to convey the general tone of depression and sorrow over the loss of Lenore. The repeat truly drills the point that Poe is seeking to acquire the reader to experience the sorrow and the hurting that the storyteller is experiencing about the loss of his beloved Lenore. All the words t hat he chooses have a tone of darkness and immorality. combined with his literary devices provide a really grave ambiance that the reader is thrust into. It was peculiarly obvious that the forgotten traditional knowledge is some type of black thaumaturgy that the storyteller is utilizing to convey back Lenore or merely speak with her one time once more when in the 5th stanza Poe writes. â€Å"dreaming dreams no mortal of all time dared to woolgather before. † ( Line 26 ) Due to the clip period that this was written in. 1845. black thaumaturgy would hold been non merely looked down upon the manner it is today. but most likely imprisonment or decease would be the consequence of being found guilty of practising it. Why would a adult male hazard that to talk to person who has passed off. regardless of how much he loved her? Because he feels guilt over the decease of Lenore. most likely significance that whatever she died he felt that he could hold done more to assist her. You get a sense in this stanza that he is genuinely making something that he is even afraid of making. something that he could lose is his life for. which decided ly is a stating fact that he is willing to seek anything to free himself of the guilt that he is experiencing over the loss of Lenore. Just one more assistance to the impression that he perchance had something to make with the decease. or surely could hold done more to protect his Lenore from whatever destiny she met. Once the storyteller hears the Corvus corax at his door. he believes it is Lenore who has returned from the dead to see him. When he answers the door. â€Å"the merely word at that place spoken was the whispered word. â€Å"Lenore! †Ã¢â‚¬  This clearly means that the storyteller believed in his bosom that the black thaumaturgy had worked and he Lenore was here to see him. Once the rapping starts once more. this clip at the window. the storyteller realizes it is a Raven. a bird normally associated with the underworld and the work of the Satan. Possibly the Raven. a bird from the underworld. would be conveying intelligence about Lenore. but that is non the instance. Poe chose the Raven sagely. one time once more. to convey the general tone of guilt and sorrow to the reader because when one thinks about a Corvus corax. one does non believe of a hopeful and proud bird. but instead a dark and glooming bird that brings about negative feelings and vibraphones. The storyteller short ly realizes that this Raven is non here to convey good intelligence or to relay a message of hope to him. but instead to stalk this adult male for whatever it is that he has done. or lack there of. to assist his love. Looking back on historical literature. frequently times when you read narratives. verse forms or novels about a adult male being haunted by something. it is a repeating object. individual or animate being that keeps coming back over and over once more as if to allow the character. in this instance the storyteller. know that they will and what has happened under their ticker. so to talk. Basically. the storyteller at first experiences exultation at the idea that the tapping is Lenore. or that the Corvus corax is traveling to be the bringer of intelligence from the underworld about Lenore. but rapidly realizes that the Raven is at that place to mortify and escalate the feelings of guilt that he is already sing. The storyteller associates the bird with the Hadean shore. which is an allusion to the ancient underworld. So this bird is clearly from the underworld presenting the message of the Haiti. Besides the bird’s name. harmonizing to the storyteller. and the lone word spoken by the bird. is â€Å"Nevermore. † Nevermore is a word that Poe chose carefully because it brings about a feeling of hopelessness and emptiness that other words can non capture. Soon. the storyteller realizes that this bird is presenting awful intelligence to him. depicting the Corvus corax as â€Å"grim. ungainly. ghastly and gaunt. † None of these words are hopeful. like the storyteller somewhat was when he foremost thought Lenore might be at the door. However. in the 14th stanza is where the reader genuinely sees that this adult male. the storyteller. is non merely experiencing sorrow over the loss of his beloved. but besides guilt and sorrow over the manner she died. The adult male cries out imploring to bury the sorrow and guilt he feels over Lenore. â€Å"Nepenthe from thy memories of Lenore! † ( Line ) Nepenthe is a drug described in Homer’s Odyssey that is supposed to free the individual taking it of all heartache or guilt they are experiencing over something that has happened to them in the yesteryear and they can non acquire over. A adult male who has lost a loved one and could non make anything about it does non desire to bury the memory of this individual all together. yet this adult male seems to wish that he forgets about Lenore all together. Besides. amidst the fright and confusion of the storyteller throughout his brush with the Corvus corax.he asks the bird. â€Å"is there balm in Gilead? † ( Line ) Balm is an ancient signifier of lotion that was used to comfort tegument. while Gilead is an allusion to the scriptural hill of judgement where God would judge worlds. Through Poe’s combinations of authoritative and scriptural mentions. the storyteller is showing his hurt over whether or non God will demo merely clemency or comfort when he is being judged for entry into Eden or snake pit. A adult male who has no guilt would non be awfully concerned about this. nor sound so hard-pressed about how he will be judged. Clearly his preoccupation with his judgement. and the hope that God will judge him kindly. the manner that balm is smooth and sort to one’s tegument is stating that this adult male is experiencing compunction for whatever it is that he did to do Lenore’s decease. Finally. the poem’s concluding two stanzas portray the storyteller as the most despairing he has been throughout the whole verse form. He is shouting at the bird to travel off back the Plutonian Shore and non to go forth any hint of the bird behind. Clearly the Corvus corax has struck a cord with this adult male and the adult male is get downing to feel his destiny. The guilt and sorrow over Lenore can non be overcome. which is why he was visited by this evil bird from Plutonian’s shore. Plutonian’s shore is considered to be the shore of the river that leads into Haiti. or the underworld. However. the raven neer leaves the man’s house. â€Å"still sitting on the pale flop of Pallas merely above my chamber door. † ( Line ) This adult male has clearly done some incorrect in his life. clearly associated with the decease of his loved 1. because why else would a bird from the underworld be for good with him in his house for the remainder of his yearss? T he concluding two lines read ; â€Å"And my psyche from out that shadow that lies drifting on the floor shall be lifted – Nevermore! † ( Line ) His psyche shall neer be lifted to heaven to see Lenore once more. he is doomed to a life in the underworld with the Raven. and no thirster is at that place any hope of seeing Lenore. nevermore. A word that Poe clearly uses once more and once more and once more throughout this verse form that can non be overlooked as the cardinal subject to the full verse form is Nevermore. looking 20 eight times throughout the verse form. Why did Poe take the word Nevermore as the Raven’s exclusive speech production words of the Poem. or the word that occurs the most often? It is because. like the remainder of the verse form where Poe does a fantastic occupation of utilizing different poetic techniques to acquire his message across. he utilizing his superb enunciation. pick of words. to give put the tone of the full verse form. Nevermore does non give the reader any idea of felicity. hope or joy. but instead it gives the reader a sense of neer holding those good feelings once more. The reader feels the storyteller losing trust each clip the word is used and knows that as the verse form goes on the storyteller. although he set out to happen his love Lenore and perchance happen felicity once more. will neer once more experience that joy. never again. It is as if each of the 20 eight times the word is used he is stealing farther and farther off from what he truly wants. Lenore. Until the concluding line of the Poem where Poe states. â€Å"Shall be lifted – Nevermore! † ( Line 108 ) When you think of the word lifted. you think frequently of good feelings such as upraised liquors or lifted up to heaven. so for the storyteller to accept that he will be lifted never again is stating of how dark the verse form and his liquors have gotten. and ends the verse form allowing the reader know steadfastly that no joy came to the storyteller throughout his efforts to convey back Lenore. This verse form exemplifies Poe’s eldritch ability to capture the really common human emotions of guilt and repent into literature. The reader can associate to the poem’s subjects. while being captivated by the superb usage of initial rhyme. vowel rhyme. allusion and internal rime. Clearly people have different degrees of guilt and sorrow in their lives. but no affair the size everyone still experiences at some point and Poe does a fantastic occupation of capturing these emotions. This is why this verse form has become a dateless classic. because these sorts of emotions and Poe does such a superb occupation of conveying them out. He clearly is portraying a graphic image with his words of the guilt that the storyteller feels about Lenore for the reader to indulge in.

An Appreciation of At Castle Boterel By Thomas Hardy Essay Example For Students

An Appreciation of At Castle Boterel By Thomas Hardy Essay Castle Boterel is about an old man returning to a place that is significant to his youth and his love. Hardy starts the poem visualising a wet and gloomy day. He says: And the drizzle bedrenches the waggonette, And see on its slope, now glistening wet. He does this to contrast with the time he was there with his love, trying to show that when she was there it was bright and sunny and without her it is all dull and wet. Hardy makes use of contrast to show the importance of his love. In the third verse he leads the leader to believe there is little significance in what they said. He tells us: What we did as we climbed, and what we talked of matters not much, nor to what it led. But he also said, was there ever a time of such quality. This tells us that it does matter to him and his love. He uses this technique in the fourth and fifth verse by saying: It filled but a minute. And, That we two passed. It filled but a minute means that it only filled a minute and thats all. That we two passed, means that there were so much beautiful things around them but they just passed without noticing them. In the forth verse Hardy asks: Was there ever a time of such quality, since or before, in that hill story. Here he questions whether there was ever a more quality time since the hill was made, which is ant the begging of time. He mentions that thousands more people have climbed the hill but in his mind, his was the most special. In the next verse he mentions primeval rocks as if they are witnesses of everything that has happened on that hill since the beginning of time, confirming that his was the most significant. In the fifth verse he uses words like unflinching rigour in mindless route. This means that through time he never backed off and thoroughly learnt the route like a parrot, repeating it again and again. The last verse shows him leaving it. Shrinking, shrinking, means getting distant. What he then means by for the very last time is that hes dying. He makes it out that his time is up by saying, for my sand is sinking, like a sand timer. He finishes by saying that, I shall traverse old loves domain never again. By this last comment he means that this is the last time he will see the place where something good happened between him and his love. Hardy, throughout the whole poem uses contrast to show his time with her is not significant but then shows that it is.

PrepScholar Links to Full College Essay Samples

PrepScholar Links to Full College Essay SamplesPrepScholar is an organization that lets you link your college and high school work together to create a full college essay. The organization allows you to write the essay on their website, which you can then view at any time. PrepScholar is basically a program that lets you link all of your high school and college coursework together to create one big essay. This allows you to have all of your most valuable and important education information come together, without having to edit each piece individually.PrepScholar works by combining all of your high school work with your college work. You can simply link them both up, which makes them easier to read. You can combine both subjects into one big paragraph, as well as adding important details from both of the subjects.You should be able to write the essay, and see it within minutes. This way, you don't have to worry about getting lost or losing your place in the essay. This organization do es allow you to have a more complete and informative essay than you could without PrepScholar. You'll find that you have a better idea of how to present your information to the college admissions office.PrepScholar is also available for use in different types of colleges. They will let you link up any type of academic endeavor to college, whether it is an essay on a test, or an essay and a test. You can even create an online class for free. If you are considering taking a class, this would be the perfect opportunity for you to get started with a good understanding of the subject.PrepScholar will let you link up the entire academic year for free. This means that you won't have to pay extra for the rest of the year's classes. They do charge for access to their entire database, which is enough to cover the whole year. However, if you're just starting out with college, and have no idea what you need to take for that semester, this would be the perfect opportunity for you to get started. With PrepScholar, you have more options when it comes to creating your essay. You'll have an easy way to test different kinds of topics. You will also have an easy way to link up all of your favorite websites so that you can use them to show how your life changed once you graduated. You can even add in your own info if you feel like it, and they will automatically add it to the main essay.If you are interested in using PrepScholar, you should check it out today. It will give you more flexibility, more focus, and a better understanding of what college and high school work should look like.

Taming Of The Shrew 4 Essay Research free essay sample

Taming Of The Shrew 4 Essay, Research Paper The Taming of the Shrew The Taming of the Shrew written by William Shakespeare depicts the common functions of work forces and adult females in the early 17th century. Shakespeare writes of Petruchio and Kate, a male and female who aggressively oppose each other. Petruicho must chasten his married woman Kate without interrupting her true interior spirit. Shakespeare touches on Kate s altering character and allows her to undergo three stages: Kate s character in the beginning, the methods Petruicho uses to chasten Kate and the concluding result ( how Kate has changed ) . The Taming of the Shrew unravels to uncover a wild beastly Katharine missing regard for her household, herself and others around her. Kate is a really vocal and coarse adult female without regard to authorization. Katharine, although depicted as a beautiful adult female rapidly becomes the talk of Padua. Kate has found that if she is loud and objectionable she can hold her manner. We will write a custom essay sample on Taming Of The Shrew 4 Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page She screams and oinks and pushes those who she does non acquire along with. The general character of Katharine seems to be that of a little kid. Peturicho s methods of chase in some instances border along the lines of anguish. Peturicho manipulates and feats Kate s character in order to alter her outward actions. Although Peturicho does non desire to alter Kate s inward ideas, he does non desire to interrupt her spirit. The greatest illustration can be quoted below. Petruchio says, Thy gown? Why, aye. Come, seamster, allow us see # 8217 ; t. / O clemency, God! What masquing material is here? / What # 8217 ; s this? A arm? Tis like a demi-cannon. / What, up and down, carved like an apple prostitute? / Here # 8217 ; s snip and shot and cut and slish and slash, Like to a cens Er in a barber’s store. ( 4.3.86-92 ) Petruciho uses the beautiful gown to demo Kate that she will no longer hold her manner. Petruicho besides uses several other cases to chasten Kate. Petruicho is fashionably late to his marrying with Katharine and upon reaching is dressed as a fool. Petruciho kidnaps Kate from her nuptials response, and upon reaching to his place merely allows Kate to smell the delightful nutrient. Petruicho behavior himself in this mode to demo Kate how she looks and behaves. After chastening the adult female that he loved, it became obvious that Petruchio had overcome his chase in life. Petruchio had been successful in altering Kate s outward actions and boasted to his friends in the stoping lines. Petruchio had changed Kate, but allowed her to retain her spirit. Kate spoke the words that Petruchio had trained her to talk, but spoke with energy and maliciousness. Kate says, Fie, fie, unknit that endangering unkind forehead / and dart non contemptuous glimpses from those eyes / to injure thy Godhead, thy male monarch, thy governor. / It blots thy beauty as hoars do seize with teeth the Meads, / Thy hubby is thy Godhead, thy life, thy keeper, Thy caput, thy crowned head one that cares for thee, And for thy care commits his organic structure to painful labour both by sea and land, ( 5.2.145-149 ) To reason Petruchio clearly achieved his end, and tamed the termagant of his life. Katharine s male parent, friends, and townsmen and adult females were greatly surprised with Petruicho s triumph over the awful adult female they one time knew. Petruicho had surely improved upon Kate s character in the beginning. His methods trained or shaped Kate into a proper adult female of the clip. Katharine had become both tame and submissive to her hubby.

Easy and Fun December Writing Prompts

Easy and Fun December Writing Prompts While December is packed with many different holidays, many with religious origins, the prompts below are for celebrating the less traditional, or even odd, events. Here is  a list of writing prompts, one for celebrating each day in December. You can use these as daily warm-ups, journal entries, or for other writing or speaking and listening assignments. December Recognition Safe Toy and Gift MonthUniversal Human Rights MonthWrite to a Friend Month Writing Prompt Ideas for December December 1 - Theme: Rosa Parks DayRead an interview Parks did for Scholastic Magazine.Do you think that racism still exists? Give specific reasons for your answer.December 2 - Theme: Safe Toy and Gift MonthThere are many toys and items that were once commonly given to children that are no longer allowed to be sold. Good Housekeeping keeps a list.Do you think that this is a good thing? Why or why not?December 3 - Theme: International Day of the Disabled PersonThe  Accessible Icon project has designed  the new icon to display an active, engaged image with a focus on the person with a disability.  The new icon is viewable at accessibleicon.orgWhat is the message of this icon, or any other icon, that alerts pedestrians and motorists to be mindful of people with disabilities?December 4 - Theme:  National Dice DayMany of your favorite games use dice (Monopoly, Risk, Trouble, Clue). What was one of those games that you played? Why did you like this game?December 5 - Theme: Walt Disn eys BirthdayWhats your favorite Walt Disney movie? Why? December 6 - Theme: Put on Your Own Shoe DayWhile this holiday may have started as a way to have students learn how to wear and lace up their shoes, you might want to write out what steps towards independence you have taken since you were a child.December 7 - Theme: Pearl Harbor DayListen to President Roosevelts speech on the bombing of Pearl Harbor.What makes the short speech so significant? What language makes this so memorable?December 8 - Theme: Pretend To Be A Time Traveler DayHow far back in time would you go? To yesterday to correct any mistakes? Would you go far back in history? Where would you travel, and why?December 9 - Theme:  Worldwide Candle Lighting Day  The Compassionate Friends Worldwide Candle Lighting unites family and friends around the globe in lighting candles for one hour to honor the memories of the sons, daughters, brothers, sisters, and grandchildren who left too soon. Who would you light a candle for, and why?December 10 - Theme: Human Rights DayWhy do you think that it is important for the world to have a day set aside as Human Rights Day? Explain your answer. December 11 - Theme: Write to a Friend MonthWrite the first paragraph of a letter that you might send to a friend that you havent seen for a long time.December 12 - Theme: National Cocoa DayIf you were given a choice of a hot beverage, which of the following would you choose: coffee, tea, or cocoa? Why?December 13: Theme:  National Day of The HorseEncouraging citizens to be  mindful  of the contribution of horses to the economy, history, and character of the United States. If you cannot write about the horse, then what other animals would you suggest be celebrated on this date?December 14 - Theme: First Miniature Golf Course OpenedHave you ever played miniature golf? What is your opinion of it?December 15 - Theme: Bill of Rights DayDo you think that freedom of speech should be absolute or restricted in certain circumstances? Explain your answer.December 16 - Theme: Boston Tea PartyAre you the type of person who would have participated in the Boston Tea Party, throwing tons of t ea overboard into the water to protest British laws and taxes? December 17 - Theme: Underdog DayDo you tend to root for the reigning champion or the underdog? Explain your answer.December 18 - Theme: Wear a Plunger on Your Head DayDescribe the silliest thing you have ever worn (or been forced to wear).December 19 - Theme: Peace and GoodwillWhat is the nicest thing that anyone has ever done for you? Write a thank you note to that person for their actions.December 21 - Theme: WinterWrite a poem or a short piece of prose about winter. Make sure to include the five senses in your writing.December 22 - Theme: Forefathers DayIt is a commemoration of the landing of the Pilgrim Fathers in Plymouth, Massachusetts, on December 21, 1620.Who are your forefathers or ancestors? What achievements did they make?December 23 - Theme: Date Nut Bread DayFood historians believe that the date palm was first farmed in the Middle East around 6000 BCE. What foods that you eat today may be studied by food historians 1000 years from now?December 24 - Theme: National Egg N og DayWhats your favorite food to eat during the winter holidays? Describe it in detail. December 25 - Theme:  National Pumpkin Pie DayPies are meant to be shared. If you had to divide a pie to share, what would be the size of each slice? Why? Who would you share this pie with?ORDecember 25 - Theme: A’habet of No L DayA’phabet Day or No â€Å"L† Day is a pun on â€Å"Noel.†What is a pun? Read some examples. Can you write a few puns?December 26 - Theme:  Boxing DayBoxing Day is celebrated in the United Kingdom. These boxes are, in essence, holiday bonuses.  If you could not receive money as a bonus, what would you like to find in a box as a bonus for being a good student?December 27 - Theme: Visit the Zoo DayPretend you were visiting a zoo. Which animal would you want to see first and why?December 28 - Theme: Card Playing DayDo you like to play card games? If so, which do you like and why? If not, why not?ORDecember 28: Theme Pledge of Allegiance Day.​Congress formally recognized the Pledge of Allegiance on December 28, 1945.What d o you think about when you make this pledge?December 29 - Theme: BowlingHave you ever been bowling? Do you like this sport? Why or why not? December 30 - Theme: Looking BackWrite a paragraph detailing at least three good things that happened to you during this past year.December 31 - Theme: New Years EveHow do you commemorate New Years Eve? Describe your celebrations in detail. Source Interview with Rosa Parks. Scholastic, 2019.

Causes of road rage Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Causes of road rage - Research Paper Example Road rage, aggressive behavior with the spouse etc are considered to be common instances related to this disorder. Standing (2007) also discussed the relation of this order with road rage. Road rage is one of the most common types of abusive behaviors that are experienced by people in their daily lives. Standing (2007) quoted a research in which the results concluded alarming figures; road rage causes hundreds of thousands of deaths every year and causes damage worth billions of dollars around the world. Leger Marketing (2001) also provided useful figures and stated that almost 20.4 % of the entire adult population in Canada has been known to be affected by different types of road rage incidents in the year 2001. This research also highlighted an interesting comparison regarding the number of males that are engaged in road rage incidents as compared to the female population; 23.2% men are known to be involved in road rage incidents as compared to 17.7% women. These are some of the common instances that are faced by individuals on the road and causes road rage. James and Nahl (2000) explained that even calm individuals tend to experience road rage since driving usually proves to become a stressful endeavor in the presence of various disturbing aspects. They enlisted around 15 factors that cause stress while driving, for example, traffic jam, noise pollution, changing temperatures, immobility etc. These factors cause stress among drivers and leads to lack of patience and tolerance when some unreasonable incident takes place on the road. Road rage is often taken as an excuse for a happening in someone’s life, for example, family trauma, running late for an appointment, alcoholism etc. Aggression and abusive behavior on the road should never be justified by any circumstances in one’s life since it is considered unethical under all conditions. Traffic rules should be followed religiously while driving since many

Running Header Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Running Header - Essay Example Language is the tool for expression of thought. This is the central idea whereby this paper is conceived, since we want to establish the role that language play in the process of thinking. My family have been blessed with opportunity and a particular fascination with travelling, my mother works for a magazine company and she writes articles about the places she visits while my father works for an executive corporation that practically has offices in almost all major cities in Asia. We do family trips every summer and this year we visited Shanghai, one of my memorable trips in the Far East. One of the things I immediately notice, the first day we arrived is that the city was "buzzing" with different kinds of noise. Their streets were as busy as the time square in New York, and most of the people drive bicycle to get them to their destination. I had difficulty going around town since most of them only speak their "native tongue" and there were few people who can converse in English. I had to cut my first day short and went back to our hotel to "catch some sleep". The next day was filled will "breathtaking" scenery from ancient China we visited temples and monasteries, a nd saw few artefacts and went insides old palaces with huge statues of ancient Important Chinese personality. It made me feel like I did "time travel", like I was in the time those dynasties and the emperors. I never thought I could relive and personally witness the evidence of ancient Chinese civilization, that I saw the things that were written only in the academic books I read in class. Now I understand what culture does to a country, I can now relate better to the lessons learn from the mistakes of the past. We returned home with rich memories of ancient China, I immediately framed all the still photos I took and hanged it in one corner of my room to constantly remind me of the knowledge I acquired during this trip. Language no matter how diverse and difficult and in spite of its diversity, play an important role in our critical thinking because it is the key to understanding, according to Philip Atkinson. "It is the expression of thought, an act of translating thoughts into words thereby refining understanding" (Atkinson. 2004). Language enables man to define the process of his thoughts and make sense of it. "Language is the 'software' that allows our brain to think the way it does, without language the cerebral cortex lies largely unused" (Kirby & Goodpaster. 1999). With advance technology and globalisation, language highlights the identification of a major medium of communication that is comprehensible to many, this will define the aims, goals and intention that the thought process wants to attain, it will clarify the subject matter to discuss and set aside the non-issues. Language can also be limiting in the sense that the capacity to ascribe a particular word to a meaning can sometimes be inadequate owing to the inability to completely convey the message it wants to convey (Chomsky. 2004). Language can also empower our thoughts in the sense that enables us to identify the very core of an idea, an

Food Safety Hazards in Drying and Marinating Food

Food Safety Hazards in Drying and Marinating Food Food Microbiology Assignment topic: You have been approached by a local businesswoman who has developed a dried snack food to sell from her market stall. The product is made from thin strips of steak which are marinated with herbs and spices for 24 hours prior to being dried by gentle heating. The final dried meat product is stored at ambient temperature and intended for consumption without further processing as a snack food. a. What advice would you give the businesswoman regarding the potential food safety hazards that may be present in the snack product? Justify the reason for including each hazard in your advice.(Suggested word limit 500 words; 30% of the marks) b. What additional information would you request from the businesswoman to assist you in determining if the snack product is being prepared safely and consistently? Explain why the information you request would be important in establishing the safety of the food.(Suggested word limit 700 words; 50% of the marks) c. A sample of product is available for laboratory analysis. State which tests would be appropriate for this ready-to-eat product and the microbiological criteria you would apply to determine if the food was fit for human consumption.(Suggested word limit 300 words; 20% of the marks) *delete this after doing* Question (a) What advice would you give the businesswoman regarding the potential food safety hazards that may be present in the snack product? Justify the reason for including each hazard in your advice.(Suggested word limit 500 words; 30% of the marks) Developing the dried snack food requires food processing which includes transforming raw plants and animal materials, such as grains, meat and dairy. It is important that food safety is emphasized when developing food products as this can make them be safer to consume by destroying the toxins and also the elimination or inhibition of pathogens. Refrigerating, freezing, fermenting, drying and adding salt or sugar are techniques that can slow or stop the growth of pathogens. Processes that use heat such as pasteurization and cooking can eliminate pathogens. As this techniques do help to protect consumers, most cases involving foodborne illness include raw animal products, fruits and vegetables that have been contaminated by pathogens. (Hopkins, 2015, p. 9) In regards to the development of the dried snack food, this product is made from thin strips of steak, which is a source of meat, originating from livestock animals and organisms are most likely to be present in raw meats. All animals carry bacteria in their intestine as they were from Farms. The organisms that are likely to be present here are Bacterias, and they are such as E.coli and Salmonella spp. The organism, E.coli, is a common bacteria that lives in the lower gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. It can be isolated from water and soil, and though most strains are harmless, there are some strains of E.coli that are capable of producing powerful toxins that can be causing severe illness. As this organism lives in the gastrointestinal tract of animals, animals to human transmission is possible. Meat can be contaminated during the slaughtering or during processing, and infection can occur from eating contaminated undercooked meat (E.coli, UCSF Medical Center, 2002-2015). In particularly, one E.coli strain called E.coli O157:H7 can cause severe diarrhea and kidney damage (E.coli O157:H7 Infection, New York State, December 2006). E.coli O157 is a lipopolysaccharide 157 strain, and generally E.coli is a gram-negative bacteria, facultative anaerobe and non-sporulating bacteria. In its habitat, E.coli is a commensal bacteria and has rapid colonization. Beef and dairy cattle are known reservoirs for E.coli O157 and for example, the likelihood of consuming food such as beef burgers, human will get infected after consumption. Apart from the gut, E.coli is also found in soil. E.coli O157 may colonize the gastrointestinal tract of cattle, and potentially contaminate beef carcasses during processing. E.coli bacteria are classified by their O and H antigens and broadly categorized as Shiga toxin-producing E.coli O157 or non-O157 STEC. (Marler, Clark, 2005-2015). Another organism that can be present in the meat, is Salmonella. Salmonella, lives in the intestines of humans, animals and birds. Salmonella may be found in the gut of many animals, including wild animals, farm animals and pets. Poultry are especially more likely to carry Salmonella. With proper and adequate cooking of meat and poultry, it usually kills Salmonella bacteria. Humans can become infected if they eat undercooked meat that is contaminated with Salmonella. (Dr Wright, Michelle, 2013) The usage of herbs and spices for the marination of the meat in this snack product brings about additional microbiological hazards, which includes Bacillus and some other spore-forming organisms that are capable of withstanding the drying process and producing toxins. Herbs and spices originate from plants and likelihood of the spore-forming organisms to be present. Bacillus species are endospore-forming aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria and the spores are resistant to heat, cold, radiation, dessication and disinfectants and it is a frequent cause of contamination. Bacillus species are well known in the food industries as troublesome spoilage organisms (NCBI Bookshelf, 1996). Another sporeforming organism present in the food would be the Clostridium species. Clostridium is spore-forming Gram- Positive anaerobes bacteria. They are known to have produce variety of toxins, of which could be fatal (MicrobeWiki, 2010). Having to state the above microbiological hazards, there are physical and chemical hazards too in regards to the potential food safety hazards in food manufacturing process. In physical hazards, sources for such contaminants include raw materials, badly maintained facilities/equipment and improper production procedures. Processors must have procedures to control physical hazards and also include hazard analysis portion of developing a HACCP plan (Food Safety – Physical Hazards, 2005). Chemical hazards include pesticides, herbicides, growth hormones and antibiotics, and additives. These shall be addressed in steps of the production process, which include the storage, during usage, during processing and prior to shipment of product. For the food safety management system, all chemicals used in manufactured product should have specifications developed, as well as a letter of guarantee from the manufacturer (Food Safety – Chemical Hazards, 2005). b. What additional information would you request from the businesswoman to assist you in determining if the snack product is being prepared safely and consistently? Explain why the information you request would be important in establishing the safety of the food.(Suggested word limit 700 words; 50% of the marks) In regards to the safe and consistent preparation of the snack product, it should include the following additional informations such as the slaughtering process, the heating process, the storage, the hygiene factors and proper preservation process. As the product is made from meat, there has to be proper slaughtering process. In order to ensure that meat supply is safe, it is important that the businesswoman make efforts to keep feces from spreading from the animals’ intestines or hides onto tables and the tools for slaughtering and butchering, or infact onto the meat itself. This is emphasized because in meat preparation, especially during the butchering, contamination does take place especially if the production lines of the processing moved so quickly, leading to likelihood of contamination of bacteria in meat and eventually causing foodborne illnesses (GRACE, Communications Foundation, 2015). In addition, she can also include meat inspection, so that she can ensure that the product for commercial sale is safely produced with the government inspectors present. Such inspection program is based on the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system. This allows removing potentially contaminated meat from the p roduction line during the slaughtering processes. Time and temperatures of marinating It is stated that the strips of the steak are marinated with herbs and spices for 24 hours, prior to being dried by gentle heating. This is seen as marinating outdoor and in room temperature, and bacteria can quickly multiply on raw meat. Marinating at room temperatures causes meat to enter the Danger zone between 40 degrees F. and 140 degrees F., where bacteria multiply rapidly (Stradley, Linda, 2004-2014). Marinating times vary depending on the type of cut and size of the meat. All meats are best refrigerated after marinating http://textbookofbacteriology.net/nutgro_5.html http://www.fao.org/docrep/004/t0279e/t0279e03.htm http://www.maff.go.jp/aqs/hou/require/pdf/17-1095cn.pdf http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3409800375.html http://www.fao.org/docrep/t0562e/t0562e04.htm The second factor would be the heating process. It is stated that the strips of the steak are marinated with herbs and spices for 24 hours and they are dried by gentle heating. In this process, it is important that the businesswoman ensures that the heating of the meat is long enough so that most of the pathogens are killed off. The heating parameters to be applied in meat processing can vary considerably in temperature and duration, depending of the type of product. Heat treatment methods cause various physical and chemical alterations in meat, which also results in the beneficial sensory and hygienic effects on processed products (FAO, United Nations 2013). For processed meat products, the exact temperature control is indispensable as there should be balance found between the two opposite requirements and they are firstly, heat treatments temperatures should be raised high enough to accomplish proper microbial reduction for shelf life extension, and the other, the heat treatment te mperatures should be kept low enough to prevent deterioration of the eating quality. The organisms least affected by the conditions on meat surfaces are Salmonellla and E.coli and are likely to be the main hazards on meat of normal pH held at room temperatures. Mesophilic bacteria are involved in food contamination and degradation such as in meats Times and temperatures of drying The storage In the proper preservation process, it includes the water activity (aw), which is a free water in the food product References: http://www.inspection.gc.ca/food/non-federally-registered/product-inspection/inspection-manual/eng/1393949957029/1393950086417?chap=3 About E. coli — Copyright  ©. Marler, Clark. (2005-2015). OutBreak, Inc., All Rights Reserved. [Web page]. http://www.about-ecoli.com/non_o157_STEC/#.VU48ZPAf7Ng Clostridium – MicrobeWiki. (26 July 2010). [Web page]. https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Clostridium Dr Wright, Michelle. (2013). Patient: Trusted Medical information and support, Health Information, Salmonella. [Web page]. http://www.patient.co.uk/health/salmonella-leaflet E.coli O157:H7 Infection, New York State. (December 2006). Department of Health, Information for a Healthy New York. [Web page]. https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/e_coli/fact_sheet.htm E.coli, Patient Education, UCSF Medical Center. (2002-2015). University of California San Francisco, UCSF, Patient Education, E.coli. [Web page]. http://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/e_coli/ GRACE, Communications Foundation. (2015). Sustainable Table, Food Processing and Slaughterhouses. Food Safety. [Web page]. http://www.sustainabletable.org/279/food-processing-slaughterhouses FAO, United Nations. (2013). Meat and meat products in human nutrition. Agriculture and Consumer Protection, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. [Web page]. http://www.fao.org/docrep/t0562e/t0562e04.htm FAO, United Nations. (2013). Heat treatment of Meat products. Meat processing technology. Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. [Web page]. http://www.fao.org/docrep/010/ai407e/AI407E08.htm Food safety – Physical Hazards. (2005). University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources. [Web page]. http://www.foodsafety.unl.edu/haccp/start/physical.html Food safety – Chemical Hazards. (2005). University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources. [Web Page]. http://www.foodsafety.unl.edu/haccp/start/chemical.html Johns, Hopkins. (2015). FOOD PROCESSING, LESSON PLAN. Bloomberg School of Public Health, p 3, 9. [Web page]. http://www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/teaching-the-food-system/curriculum/_pdf/Food_Processing-Lesson.pdf NCBI Bookshelf. (1996). Bacillus Medical Microbiology. The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. [Web page]. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7699/ Stradley, Linda. (2004-2014). What’s Cooking America. Marinating meat Guidelines, Marinating 101, Food safety tips. [Web page]. http://whatscookingamerica.net/MarinatingSafely.htm